Metrics是一个给JAVA服务的各项指标提供度量工具的包,在JAVA代码中嵌入Metrics代码,可以方便的对业务代码的各个指标进行监控,同时,Metrics能够很好的跟Ganlia、Graphite结合,方便的提供图形化接口。基本使用方式直接将core包(目前稳定版本3.0.1)导入pom文件即可,配置如下:
com.codahale.metrics
metrics-core
3.0.1
core包主要提供如下核心功能:
Metrics Registries类似一个metrics容器,维护一个Map,可以是一个服务一个实例。
支持五种metric类型:Gauges、Counters、Meters、Histograms和Timers。
可以将metrics值通过JMX、Console,CSV文件和SLF4J loggers发布出来。
五种Metrics类型:
1. Gauges
Gauges是一个最简单的计量,一般用来统计瞬时状态的数据信息,比如系统中处于pending状态的job。测试代码
packagecom.netease.test.metrics;importcom.codahale.metrics.ConsoleReporter;importcom.codahale.metrics.Gauge;importcom.codahale.metrics.JmxReporter;importcom.codahale.metrics.MetricRegistry;importjava.util.Queue;importjava.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingDeque;importjava.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;/*** User: hzwangxx
* Date: 14-2-17
* Time: 14:47
* 测试Gauges,实时统计pending状态的job个数*/
public classTestGauges {/*** 实例化一个registry,最核心的一个模块,相当于一个应用程序的metrics系统的容器,维护一个Map*/
private static final MetricRegistry metrics = newMetricRegistry();private static Queue queue = new LinkedBlockingDeque();/*** 在控制台上打印输出*/
private static ConsoleReporter reporter =ConsoleReporter.forRegistry(metrics).build();public static void main(String[] args) throwsInterruptedException {
reporter.start(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);//实例化一个Gauge
Gauge gauge = new Gauge() {
@OverridepublicInteger getValue() {returnqueue.size();
}
};//注册到容器中
metrics.register(MetricRegistry.name(TestGauges.class, "pending-job", "size"), gauge);//测试JMX
JmxReporter jmxReporter =JmxReporter.forRegistry(metrics).build();
jmxReporter.start();//模拟数据
for (int i=0; i<20; i++){
queue.add("a");
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
}
}/*console output:
14-2-17 15:29:35 ===============================================================
-- Gauges ----------------------------------------------------------------------
com.netease.test.metrics.TestGauges.pending-job.size
value = 4
14-2-17 15:29:38 ===============================================================
-- Gauges ----------------------------------------------------------------------
com.netease.test.metrics.TestGauges.pending-job.size
value = 6
14-2-17 15:29:41 ===============================================================
-- Gauges ----------------------------------------------------------------------
com.netease.test.metrics.TestGauges.pending-job.size
value = 9*/
通过以上步骤将会向MetricsRegistry容器中注册一个名字为com.netease.test.metrics .TestGauges.pending-job.size的metrics,实时获取队列长度的指标。另外,Core包种还扩展了几种特定的Gauge:
JMX Gauges—提供给第三方库只通过JMX将指标暴露出来。
Ratio Gauges—简单地通过创建一个gauge计算两个数的比值。
Cached Gauges—对某些计量指标提供缓存
Derivative Gauges—提供Gauge的值是基于其他Gauge值的接口。
2. Counter
Counter是Gauge的一个特例,维护一个计数器,可以通过inc()和dec()方法对计数器做修改。使用步骤与Gauge基本类似,在MetricRegistry中提供了静态方法可以直接实例化一个Counter。
packagecom.netease.test.metrics;importcom.codahale.metrics.ConsoleReporter;importcom.codahale.metrics.Counter;importcom.codahale.metrics.MetricRegistry;importjava.util.LinkedList;importjava.util.Queue;importjava.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;import static com.codahale.metrics.MetricRegistry.*;/*** User: hzwangxx
* Date: 14-2-14
* Time: 14:02
* 测试Counter*/
public classTestCounter {/*** 实例化一个registry,最核心的一个模块,相当于一个应用程序的metrics系统的容器,维护一个Map*/
private static final MetricRegistry metrics = newMetricRegistry();/*** 在控制台上打印输出*/
private static ConsoleReporter reporter =ConsoleReporter.forRegistry(metrics).build();/*** 实例化一个counter,同样可以通过如下方式进行实例化再注册进去
* pendingJobs = new Counter();
* metrics.register(MetricRegistry.name(TestCounter.class, "pending-jobs"), pendingJobs);*/
private static Counter pendingJobs = metrics.counter(name(TestCounter.class, "pedding-jobs"));//private static Counter pendingJobs = metrics.counter(MetricRegistry.name(TestCounter.class, "pedding-jobs"));
private static Queue queue = new LinkedList();public static voidadd(String str) {
pendingJobs.inc();
queue.offer(str);
}publicString take() {
pendingJobs.dec();returnqueue.poll();
}public static void main(String[]args) throwsInterruptedException {
reporter.start(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);while(true){
add("1");
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
}
}/*console output:
14-2-17 17:52:34 ===============================================================
-- Counters --------------------------------------------------------------------
com.netease.test.metrics.TestCounter.pedding-jobs
count = 4
14-2-17 17:52:37 ===============================================================
-- Counters --------------------------------------------------------------------
com.netease.test.metrics.TestCounter.pedding-jobs
count = 6
14-2-17 17:52:40 ===============================================================
-- Counters --------------------------------------------------------------------
com.netease.test.metrics.TestCounter.pedding-jobs
count = 9*/
3. Meters
Meters用来度量某个时间段的平均处理次数(request per second),每1、5、15分钟的TPS。比如一个service的请求数,通过metrics.meter()实例化一个Meter之后,然后通过meter.mark()方法就能将本次请求记录下来。统计结果有总的请求数,平均每秒的请求数,以及最近的1、5、15分钟的平均TPS。
packagecom.netease.test.metrics;importcom.codahale.metrics.ConsoleReporter;importcom.codahale.metrics.Meter;importcom.codahale.metrics.MetricRegistry;importjava.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;import static com.codahale.metrics.MetricRegistry.*;/*** User: hzwangxx
* Date: 14-2-17
* Time: 18:34
* 测试Meters*/
public classTestMeters {/*** 实例化一个registry,最核心的一个模块,相当于一个应用程序的metrics系统的容器,维护一个Map*/
private static final MetricRegistry metrics = newMetricRegistry();/*** 在控制台上打印输出*/
private static ConsoleReporter reporter =ConsoleReporter.forRegistry(metrics).build();/*** 实例化一个Meter*/
private static final Meter requests = metrics.meter(name(TestMeters.class, "request"));public static voidhandleRequest() {
requests.mark();
}public static void main(String[] args) throwsInterruptedException {
reporter.start(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);while(true){
handleRequest();
Thread.sleep(100);
}
}
}/*14-2-17 18:43:08 ===============================================================
-- Meters ----------------------------------------------------------------------
com.netease.test.metrics.TestMeters.request
count = 30
mean rate = 9.95 events/second
1-minute rate = 0.00 events/second
5-minute rate = 0.00 events/second
15-minute rate = 0.00 events/second
14-2-17 18:43:11 ===============================================================
-- Meters ----------------------------------------------------------------------
com.netease.test.metrics.TestMeters.request
count = 60
mean rate = 9.99 events/second
1-minute rate = 10.00 events/second
5-minute rate = 10.00 events/second
15-minute rate = 10.00 events/second
14-2-17 18:43:14 ===============================================================
-- Meters ----------------------------------------------------------------------
com.netease.test.metrics.TestMeters.request
count = 90
mean rate = 9.99 events/second
1-minute rate = 10.00 events/second
5-minute rate = 10.00 events/second
15-minute rate = 10.00 events/second*/