java的一对多_[Java教程]9 一对多和多对一处理

[Java教程]9 一对多和多对一处理

0 2020-12-10 23:00:20

9 一对多和多对一处理多对一处理

多个学生对应一个老师数据库设计

CREATE TABLE `teacher` (`id` INT(10) NOT NULL,`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,PRIMARY KEY (`id`)) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8INSERT INTO teacher(`id`, `name`) VALUES (1, '曾老师');CREATE TABLE `student` (`id` INT(10) NOT NULL,`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,`tid` INT(10) DEFAULT NULL,PRIMARY KEY (`id`),KEY `fktid` (`tid`),CONSTRAINT `fktid` FOREIGN KEY (`tid`) REFERENCES `teacher` (`id`)) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('1', '小明', '1');INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('2', '小红', '1');INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('3', '小张', '1');INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('4', '小李', '1');INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('5', '小王', '1');搭建测试环境

1、编写实体类

Student.javapackage com.zzb.pojo;public class Student { private int id; private String name; private Teacher teacher; public Student() { } public Student(int id, String name, Teacher teacher) { this.id = id; this.name = name; this.teacher = teacher; } public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Teacher getTeacher() { return teacher; } public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) { this.teacher = teacher; } @Override public String toString() { return "Student{" + "id=" + id + ", name='" + name + '\'' + ", teacher=" + teacher + '}'; }}

Teacher.javapackage com.zzb.pojo;public class Teacher { private int id; private String name; public Teacher() { } public Teacher(int id, String name) { this.id = id; this.name = name; } public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } @Override public String toString() { return "Teacher{" + "id=" + id + ", name='" + name + '\'' + '}'; }}

2、编写实体类对应的Mapper接口package com.zzb.dao;public interface StudentMapper {}package com.zzb.dao;public interface TeacherMapper { }

3、编写接口对应的mapper.<?按查询嵌套处理

1、给 StudentMapper 接口增加方法// 获取学生列表及对应老师的信息public List getStudents();

2、编写对应的Mapper配置文件

3、MyBatis配置文件中注册Mapper

注意： select * from teacher where id = #{id} and name = #{name}

4、测试@Test public void getStudent(){ SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession(); StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class); List studentList = studentMapper.getStudents(); for(Student student : studentList){ System.out.println(student); } sqlSession.close(); }

测试结果：Student{id=1, name='小明', teacher=Teacher{id=1, name='曾老师'}}Student{id=2, name='小红', teacher=Teacher{id=1, name='曾老师'}}Student{id=3, name='小张', teacher=Teacher{id=1, name='曾老师'}}Student{id=4, name='小李', teacher=Teacher{id=1, name='曾老师'}}Student{id=5, name='小王', teacher=Teacher{id=1, name='曾老师'}}按结果嵌套查询

1、StudentMapper接口方法编写public List getStudents2();

2、编写对应的StudentMapper. SELECT S.id AS sid, s.name AS sname, t.id AS tid, t.name AS tname FROM student AS s, teacher AS t WHERE s.tid = t.id;

3、MyBatis配置文件中注册Mapper

4、测试@Test public void getStudent2(){ SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession(); StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class); List studentList = studentMapper.getStudents2(); for(Student student : studentList){ System.out.println(student); } sqlSession.close(); }

测试结果：Student{id=1, name='小明', teacher=Teacher{id=1, name='曾老师'}}Student{id=2, name='小红', teacher=Teacher{id=1, name='曾老师'}}Student{id=3, name='小张', teacher=Teacher{id=1, name='曾老师'}}Student{id=4, name='小李', teacher=Teacher{id=1, name='曾老师'}}Student{id=5, name='小王', teacher=Teacher{id=1, name='曾老师'}}

总结：

按照查询进行嵌套处理就像SQL中的子查询

按照结果进行嵌套处理就像SQL中的联表查询一对多处理

module：mybatis-06

一个老师拥有多个学生

1、实体类编写

Student.javapackage com.zzb.pojo;// pom.

Teacher.javapackage com.zzb.pojo;import lombok.Data;import java.util.List;@Datapublic class Teacher { private int id; private String name; private List students;}

和上述多对一一样，搭建测试环境！按结果嵌套查询

1、TeacherMapper接口编写方法package com.zzb.dao;import com.zzb.pojo.Teacher;import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;public interface TeacherMapper { // 获取指定老师下的所有学生 Teacher getTeacher2(@Param("tid") int id);}

2、编写接口对应的Mapper配置文件

3、mybatis配置文件中注册mapper

4、测试@Test public void getTeacher2(){ SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession(); TeacherMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(TeacherMapper.class); Teacher teacher = mapper.getTeacher2(1); System.out.println(teacher); sqlSession.close(); }

测试结果：Teacher(id=1, name=曾老师, students=[Student(id=1, name=小明, tid=1), Student(id=2, name=小红, tid=1), Student(id=3, name=小张, tid=1), Student(id=4, name=小李, tid=1), Student(id=5, name=小王, tid=1)])按查询嵌套

1、TeacherMapper接口编写方法// 获取指定老师下的所有学生 Teacher getTeacher(@Param("tid") int id);

2、编写接口对应的Mapper配置文件 select * from teacher select * from student where tid = #{id}

3、mybatis配置文件中注册mapper

4、测试@Test public void getTeacher(){ SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession(); TeacherMapper teacherMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(TeacherMapper.class); Teacher teacher = teacherMapper.getTeacher(1); System.out.println(teacher); sqlSession.close(); }

测试结果：Teacher(id=1, name=曾老师, students=[Student(id=1, name=小明, tid=1), Student(id=2, name=小红, tid=1), Student(id=3, name=小张, tid=1), Student(id=4, name=小李, tid=1), Student(id=5, name=小王, tid=1)])

总结：

1、关联-association

2、集合-collection

3、所以association是用于一对一和多对一，而collection是用于一对多的关系

4、JavaType和ofType都是用来指定对象类型的JavaType是用来指定pojo中属性的类型

ofType指定的是映射到List集合属性中pojo的类型。

注意说明：

1、保证SQL的可读性，尽量通俗易懂

2、根据实际要求，尽量编写性能更高的SQL语句

3、注意属性名和字段不一致的问题

4、注意一对多和多对一 中：字段和属性对应的问题

5、尽量使用Log4j，通过日志来查看自己的错误

本文网址：http://www.shaoqun.com/a/498551.html

*特别声明：以上内容来自于网络收集，著作权属原作者所有，如有侵权，请联系我们：admin@shaoqun.com。

0