一、直接使用:
//输出到项目文件夹下output1.txt文件中
//
// DEBUG - Here is some DEBUG
// INFO - Here is some INFO
// WARN - Here is some WARN
// ERROR - Here is some ERROR
// FATAL - Here is some FATAL
//
package hunnu.sanha.test;
import org.apache.log4j.Level;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.apache.log4j.SimpleLayout;
import org.apache.log4j.FileAppender;
public class Simpandfile {
static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(Simpandfile.class);
public static void main(String args[]) {
SimpleLayout layout = new SimpleLayout();
FileAppender appender = null;
try {
appender = new FileAppender(layout,"output1.txt",false);
} catch(Exception e) {}
logger.addAppender(appender);
logger.setLevel((Level) Level.);
logger.debug("Here is some DEBUG");
logger.info("Here is some INFO");
logger.warn("Here is some WARN");
logger.error("Here is some ERROR");
logger.fatal("Here is some FATAL");
}
}
//按格式输出到项目文件夹下output2.html
package hunnu.sanha.test;
import java.io.*;
import org.apache.log4j.Level;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.apache.log4j.HTMLLayout;
import org.apache.log4j.WriterAppender;
public class Htmlandwrite {
static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(Htmlandwrite.class);
public static void main(String args[]) {
HTMLLayout layout = new HTMLLayout();
WriterAppender appender = null;
try {
FileOutputStream output = new FileOutputStream("output2.html");
appender = new WriterAppender(layout,output);
} catch(Exception e) {}
logger.addAppender(appender);
logger.setLevel((Level) Level.);
logger.debug("Here is some DEBUG");
logger.info("Here is some INFO");
logger.warn("Here is some WARN");
logger.error("Here is some ERROR");
logger.fatal("Here is some FATAL");
}
}
//输出到控制台
Milliseconds since program start: 0
Classname of caller: hunnu.sanha.test.Consandpatt
Date in ISO8601 format: 2008-07-29 11:02:30,578
Location of log event: hunnu.sanha.test.Consandpatt.main(Consandpatt.java:20)
Message: Here is some DEBUG
Milliseconds since program start: 15
Classname of caller: hunnu.sanha.test.Consandpatt
Date in ISO8601 format: 2008-07-29 11:02:30,593
Location of log event: hunnu.sanha.test.Consandpatt.main(Consandpatt.java:21)
Message: Here is some INFO
Milliseconds since program start: 15
Classname of caller: hunnu.sanha.test.Consandpatt
Date in ISO8601 format: 2008-07-29 11:02:30,593
Location of log event: hunnu.sanha.test.Consandpatt.main(Consandpatt.java:22)
Message: Here is some WARN
Milliseconds since program start: 15
Classname of caller: hunnu.sanha.test.Consandpatt
Date in ISO8601 format: 2008-07-29 11:02:30,593
Location of log event: hunnu.sanha.test.Consandpatt.main(Consandpatt.java:23)
Message: Here is some ERROR
Milliseconds since program start: 15
Classname of caller: hunnu.sanha.test.Consandpatt
Date in ISO8601 format: 2008-07-29 11:02:30,593
Location of log event: hunnu.sanha.test.Consandpatt.main(Consandpatt.java:24)
Message: Here is some FATAL
///
package hunnu.sanha.test;
import org.apache.log4j.Level;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout;
import org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender;
public class Consandpatt {
static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(Consandpatt.class);
public static void main(String args[]) {
// Note, %n is newline
String pattern = "Milliseconds since program start: %r %n";
pattern += "Classname of caller: %C %n";
pattern += "Date in ISO8601 format: %d{ISO8601} %n";
pattern += "Location of log event: %l %n";
pattern += "Message: %m %n %n";
PatternLayout layout = new PatternLayout(pattern);
ConsoleAppender appender = new ConsoleAppender(layout);
logger.addAppender(appender);
logger.setLevel((Level) Level.);
logger.debug("Here is some DEBUG");
logger.info("Here is some INFO");
logger.warn("Here is some WARN");
logger.error("Here is some ERROR");
logger.fatal("Here is some FATAL");
}
}
二、使用配置文件(都直接放到项目文件夹下)
//xmllog4jconfig.xml
//Externalxmltest.java
package hunnu.sanha.external;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.apache.log4j.xml.DOMConfigurator;
public class Externalxmltest {
static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(Externalxmltest.class);
public static void main(String args[]) {
DOMConfigurator.configure("xmllog4jconfig.xml");
logger.debug("Here is some DEBUG");
logger.info("Here is some INFO");
logger.warn("Here is some WARN");
logger.error("Here is some ERROR");
logger.fatal("Here is some FATAL");
}
}
//结果输出到Indentify-Log.txt文件中
2008-07-29 10:48:11,375 [main] DEBUG - Here is some DEBUG
2008-07-29 10:48:11,375 [main] INFO - Here is some INFO
2008-07-29 10:48:11,375 [main] WARN - Here is some WARN
2008-07-29 10:48:11,375 [main] ERROR - Here is some ERROR
2008-07-29 10:48:11,375 [main] FATAL - Here is some FATAL
// plainlog4jconfig.txt
# initialise root logger with level DEBUG and call it BLAH
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, BLAH
# add a ConsoleAppender to the logger BLAH
log4j.appender.BLAH=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
# set set that layout to be SimpleLayout
log4j.appender.BLAH.layout=org.apache.log4j.SimpleLayout
//Externalplaintest.java
package hunnu.sanha.external;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.apache.log4j.PropertyConfigurator;
public class Externalplaintest {
static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(Externalplaintest.class);
public static void main(String args[]) {
PropertyConfigurator.configure("plainlog4jconfig.txt");
logger.debug("Here is some DEBUG");
logger.info("Here is some INFO");
logger.warn("Here is some WARN");
logger.error("Here is some ERROR");
logger.fatal("Here is some FATAL");
}
}
//结果输出到控制台
DEBUG - Here is some DEBUG
INFO - Here is some INFO
WARN - Here is some WARN
ERROR - Here is some ERROR
FATAL - Here is some FATAL
附加:
2.1. 日志信息的优先级
分为OFF、FATAL、ERROR、WARN、INFO、DEBUG、ALL或者您定义的级别。
Log4j建议只使用四个级别,优先级从高到低分别是ERROR、WARN、INFO、DEBUG。通过在这里定义的级别,您可以控制到应用程序中相应级别的日志信息的开关。
假如在一个级别为q的Logger中发生一个级别为p的日志请求,如果p>=q,那么请求将被启用。这是Log4j的核心原则。
比如在这里定义了INFO级别,则应用程序中所有DEBUG级别的日志信息将不被打印出来;
2.2. 输出源的使用
有选择的能用或者禁用日志请求仅仅是Log4j的一部分功能。Log4j允许日志请求被输出到多个输出源。用Log4j的话说,一个输出源被称做一个Appender。
Appender包括console(控制台), files(文件), GUI components(图形的组件), remote socket servers(socket 服务), JMS(java信息服务), NT Event Loggers(NT的事件日志), and remote UNIX Syslog daemons(远程UNIX的后台日志服务)。它也可以做到异步记录。
一个logger可以设置超过一个的appender。
用addAppender 方法添加一个appender到一个给定的logger。对于一个给定的logger它每个生效的日志请求都被转发到该logger所有的appender上和该logger的父辈logger的appender上。
2.2.1. ConsoleAppender
如果使用ConsoleAppender,那么log信息将写到Console。效果等同于直接把信息打印到System.out上了。
2.2.2. FileAppender
使用FileAppender,那么log信息将写到指定的文件中。这应该是比较经常使用到的情况。
相应地,在配置文件中应该指定log输出的文件名。如下配置指定了log文件名为dglog.txt
log4j.appender.A2.File=dglog.txt
注意将A2替换为具体配置中Appender的别名。
2.2.3. DailyRollingAppender
使用FileAppender可以将log信息输出到文件中,但是如果文件太大了读起来就不方便了。这时就可以使用DailyRollingAppender。DailyRollingAppender可以把Log信息输出到按照日期来区分的文件中。配置文件就会每天产生一个log文件,每个log文件只记录当天的log信息:
log4j.appender.A2=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.A2.file=dglog
log4j.appender.A2.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd
log4j.appender.A2.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.A2.layout.ConversionPattern= %5r %-5p %c{2} - %m%n
2.2.4. org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
文件大小到达指定尺寸的时候产生一个新的文件。
log4j.appender.R=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.R.File= ../logs/dglog.log
# Control the maximum log file size
log4j.appender.R.MaxFileSize=100KB
# Archive log files (one backup file here)
log4j.appender.R.MaxBackupIndex=1
log4j.appender.R.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.R.layout.ConversionPattern=%p %t %c - %m%n
这个配置文件指定了输出源R,是一个轮转日志文件。最大的文件是100KB,当一个日志文件达到最大尺寸时,Log4J会自动把example.log重命名为dglog.log.1,然后重建一个新的dglog.log文件,依次轮转。
2.2.5. org.apache.log4j.WriterAppender
将日志信息以流格式发送到任意指定的地方。
2.3. Layout的配置
Layout指定了log信息输出的样式。
2.3.1. 布局样式
org.apache.log4j.HTMLLayout(以HTML表格形式布局),
org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout(可以灵活地指定布局模式),
org.apache.log4j.SimpleLayout(包含日志信息的级别和信息字符串),
org.apache.log4j.TTCCLayout(包含日志产生的时间、线程、类别等等信息)
2.3.2. 格式
%m 输出代码中指定的消息
%p 输出优先级,即DEBUG,INFO,WARN,ERROR,FATAL
%r 输出自应用启动到输出该log信息耗费的毫秒数
%c 输出所属的类目,通常就是所在类的全名
%t 输出产生该日志事件的线程名
%n 输出一个回车换行符,Windows平台为"rn",Unix平台为"n"
%d 输出日志时间点的日期或时间,默认格式为ISO8601,也可以在其后指定格式,比如:%d{yyy MMM dd HH:mm:ss,SSS},输出类似:2002年10月18日 22:10:28,921
%l 输出日志事件的发生位置,包括类目名、发生的线程,以及在代码中的行数。举例:Testlog4.main(Test Log4.java:10)
2.3.3. 例子
例子1:显示日期和log信息log4j.appender.A2.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.A2.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} %m%n
打印的信息是:
2002-11-12 11:49:42,866 SELECT * FROM Role WHERE 1=1 order by createDate desc
例子2:显示日期,log发生地方和log信息log4j.appender.A2.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.A2.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} %l "#" %m%n
2002-11-12 11:51:46,313 cn.net.unet.weboa.system.dao.RoleDAO.select(RoleDAO.java:409) "#"
SELECT * FROM Role WHERE 1=1 order by createDate desc
例子3:显示log级别,时间,调用方法,log信息log4j.appender.A2.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.A2.layout.ConversionPattern=[%-5p] %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS}
method:%l%n%m%n
log信息:
[DEBUG] 2002-11-12 12:00:57,376
method:cn.net.unet.weboa.system.dao.RoleDAO.select(RoleDAO.java:409)
SELECT * FROM Role WHERE 1=1 order by createDate desc
2.4. 配置文件的例子:
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG
#将DAO层log记录到DAOLog,allLog中
log4j.logger.DAO=DEBUG,A2,A4
#将逻辑层log记录到BusinessLog,allLog中
log4j.logger.Businesslog=DEBUG,A3,A4
#A1--打印到屏幕上log4j.appender.A1=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.A1.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.A1.layout.ConversionPattern=%-5p [%t] %37c %3x - %m%n
#A2--打印到文件DAOLog中--专门为DAO层服务log4j.appender.A2=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.A2.file=DAOLog
log4j.appender.A2.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd
log4j.appender.A2.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.A2.layout.ConversionPattern=[%-5p] %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS}
method:%l%n%m%n
#A3--打印到文件BusinessLog中--专门记录逻辑处理层服务log信息log4j.appender.A3=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.A3.file=BusinessLog
log4j.appender.A3.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd
log4j.appender.A3.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.A3.layout.ConversionPattern=[%-5p] %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS}
method:%l%n%m%n
#A4--打印到文件alllog中--记录所有log信息log4j.appender.A4=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.A4.file=alllog
log4j.appender.A4.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd
log4j.appender.A4.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.A4.layout.ConversionPattern=[%-5p] %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS}
method:%l%n%m%n
以上这篇浅谈在JAVA项目中LOG4J的使用就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。