python中label怎么绑定变量_Python新手如何进行闭包时绑定变量操作

搞不清楚在闭包(closures)中Python是怎样绑定变量的

看这个例子：

>>> def create_multipliers():

... return [lambda x : i * x for i in range(5)]

>>> for multiplier in create_multipliers():

... print multiplier(2)

...

期望得到下面的输出：

0

2

4

6

8

但是实际上得到的是：

8

8

8

8

8

实例扩展：

# coding=utf-8

__author__ = 'xiaofu'

# 解释参考 http://docs.python-guide.org/en/latest/writing/gotchas/#late-binding-closures

def closure_test1():

"""

每个closure的输出都是同一个i值

:return:

"""

closures = []

for i in range(4):

def closure():

print("id of i: {}, value: {} ".format(id(i), i))

closures.append(closure)

# Python's closures are late binding.

# This means that the values of variables used in closures are looked up at the time the inner function is called.

for c in closures:

c()

def closure_test2():

def make_closure(i):

def closure():

print("id of i: {}, value: {} ".format(id(i), i))

return closure

closures = []

for i in range(4):

closures.append(make_closure(i))

for c in closures:

c()

if __name__ == '__main__':

closure_test1()

closure_test2()

输出:

id of i: 10437280, value: 3

id of i: 10437280, value: 3

id of i: 10437280, value: 3

id of i: 10437280, value: 3

id of i: 10437184, value: 0

id of i: 10437216, value: 1

id of i: 10437248, value: 2

id of i: 10437280, value: 3

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