我的python之路v1.3_我的PYTHON 之路 (1) 运算符/数据类型/

移除空白   .strip()

分割       .split() 传入一个字符串 以字符串为分割点， 返回一个列表

长度 len(obj)

索引 obj[1]

切片 ojb[:1], obj[1:10], obj[1:]

e.g.

name = 'eric'

print type(name)

(type 'str')

print dir(name)

显示 name 这个变量下面所有方法， 在这里列子里面是显示所有的字符串方法

def __contains__(self):

pass

检查这个值是否含有实参这个值， 如果有返回TRUE, 如果没有返回FALSE

def __getattribute__(self, *args, **kwargs):

'''Return getattr(self.name):

pass

反射的时候会用到

def capitalize (self):  #首字母大写

pass

def casefold(self): #首字母小写

pass

def center(self, with,fillcharct)L

pass

e.g. result = name.center(20, "*")

print result

def count(self, sub, start=None, end=None):

"""子序列个数 """

"""S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int

Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring sub in

string S[start:end]. Optional arguments start and end are interpreted

as in slice notation.

"""

return0

e.g.

name = "abcdefghijklmnopq'

def encode(self, encoding = 'utf-8',erros = 'strict')

pass

name = '李杰‘

res = name.encode('gbk')

print res

def endswith(self, suffix, start=None, end=None): # 以什么为结尾  /// def endswith(self, suffix, start=None, end=None): #以什么为开头

def expandtabs(self): TAB键值转换空格

name = 'alex'

res = name.expandtabs()

print res

def find(self, sub, start = None, end=None):

pass

def __format__(self):  ##拼接

pass

def join(self,iterable ): ##拼接] 传入可以迭代的实参

pass

e.g.

li = ['s', 'b', 'i', 's', 'a', 'l', 'e', 'x']

def ljust(self, witdh, fillchar = None): #左对齐

pass

def rjust(self, width, fillchar = None): # 右对齐

pass

def lower(self): ##全部改成小写

pass

def upper(self): ##全部改成大写

pass

def translate(self, table, deletechars=None):

"""转换，需要先做一个对应表，最后一个表示删除字符集合

intab = "aeiou"outtab = "12345"trantab =maketrans(intab, outtab)

str = "this is string example....wow!!!"

print str.translate(trantab, 'xm')

"""

"""S.translate(table [,deletechars]) ->string

Return a copy of the string S, where all characters occurring

in the optional argument deletechars are removed, andthe

remaining characters have been mapped through the given

translation table, which must be a string of length 256 orNone.

If the table argument is None, no translation is applied andthe operation simply removes the characters indeletechars.

"""return ""

def index(self, sub, start=None, end=None):

"""子序列位置，如果没找到，报错 """S.index(sub [,start [,end]]) ->int

Like S.find() but raise ValueError when the substring is notfound.

"""return 0

def partition(self, str):

pass

def replace(self, old, new, count=None):

""" 替换 """

"""S.replace(old, new[, count]) ->string

Return a copy of string S with all occurrences of substring

old replaced by new. If the optional argument count isgiven, only the first count occurrences are replaced.

"""return ""

def split(self, sep=None, maxsplit=None):

pass

def split(self, sep=None, maxsplit=None):

""" 分割， maxsplit最多分割几次 """

"""S.split([sep [,maxsplit]]) ->list of strings

Return a list of the words inthe string S, using sep as the

delimiter string. If maxsplit isgiven, at most maxsplit

splits are done. If sep is not specified or isNone, any

whitespace string is a separator andempty strings are removed

fromthe result.

"""return []

pass

3. 列表 list []

存放集合/可变元素的集合

定义列表的二种方式

li = [1,2,3]

li = list((1,2,3))

list ----> 创建列表，将其他元素转换成 列表

1.创建

2.练习 字符， 字符串转换成列表

公共功能

索引 index

切片 []

长度 len

for ... in loop /// while

emmurate

del/

in 包含

特有功能

def index(self, value, start = None, stop = None):

return

#获取下标(索引)

def append(self, value):

pass

def insert(self, inex, p_object): #插入指定位置

pass

def pop(self, index = None):

return

#删除指定位置的元素并返回这个元素

def remove(self, value):

pass

删除指定的元素且是列表中的第一个

def reverse(self):

pass

#反转列表

def sort(): #排序

pass

def sort(self, cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""L.sort(cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False) -- stable sort *IN PLACE*;

cmp(x, y) -> -1, 0, 1

"""

pass

def del(self,value):

pass

元祖 tuple

tu = (11, 22, 33,44)

tu = tuple((11,22,33,44))

共有功能

count

index

嵌套(元素不可以被修改)

def count(self, value):

计算元素出现的个数

def index(self, value)

获取元素的 索引位置

字典

dict

dic = {'k1': 'v1', 'k2': 'v2'}

dic = dict(k1 = 'v1', k2 ='v2'}

共有功能

索引

新增 dict[key] = 'str'

删除 del d[key]

keys, values, items 键，值，键值对

for k, v in dict.items: 返回列表(键值对)元组

def __init__(self, seq=None, **kwargs):

如果 K键不在， 可以指定一个V值，或默认NONE

def get(self,k,d=None):

e.g. dic = {'k1': 'v1', 'k2': 'v2'}

print dic['k1']

print dic['k2']

dic.get('k1')

dic.get('k2')

dic.get('k3') #如果不指定泽自动指定一个NONE值给 'k3'

dic.get('k3', 'v3')

print dic

def has_key(self, k): # 查看字典内是否有这个KEY键值 返回布尔值

pass

def items(self):

#获取所有的键和阀值， k,v 并以列表的形式返回

def keys(self):

#获取所有的键值， k 并以列表的形式返回

def values(self):

#获取所有的阀值 , v 并以列表的形式返回

e.g.

dic = {'k1': 'v1', 'k2': 'v2'}

print dic.keys() # 返回所有键值的列表

print dic.values() # 返回所有阀值的列表

print dic.items() # 返回所有键和阀值的列表

for k in dic.keys():

print k

for k in dic:

print k

for v in dic.values():

print v

for k,v in dic,items():

print k, v

def pop(self, k, d=None): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""获取并在字典中移除 """

"""D.pop(k[,d]) -> v, remove specified key and return the corresponding value.

If key is not found, d is returned if given, otherwise KeyError is raised

"""

pass

# 并且返回一个值

def update(self, E=None, **F): #known special case of dict.update

"""更新

{'name':'alex', 'age': 18000}

[('name','sbsbsb'),]

"""

"""D.update([E, ]**F) -> None. Update D from dict/iterable E and F.

If E present and has a .keys() method, does: for k in E: D[k] = E[k]

If E present and lacks .keys() method, does: for (k, v) in E: D[k] = v

In either case, this is followed by: for k in F: D[k] = F[k]

"""

pass

def fromkeys(S, v=None): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""dict.fromkeys(S[,v]) -> New dict with keys from S and values equal to v.

v defaults to None.

"""

pass

def clear(self): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""清除内容 """ """D.clear() -> None. Remove all items from D. """ pass

def enumerate(self):  字典方法， 将一个元祖 作为阀值， 设置一个KEY(整数)， 返回一个字典

pass #