java解析mqtt_JAVA开发MQTT总结

JAVA开发MQTT总结

MQTT 介绍

它是一种 机器之间通讯 machine-to-machine (M2M)、物联网 Internet of Things (IoT)常用的一种轻量级消息传输协议

适用于网络带宽较低的场合

包含发布、订阅模式，通过一个代理服务器(broker)，任何一个客户端(client)都可以订阅或者发布某个主题的消息，然后订阅了该主题的客户端则会收到该消息

mqtt还是之前公司有需求所以写的一个demo，在这里记录下来，方便有人使用的时候查阅，不涉及mqtt的具体讲解，只是贴代码和运行过程。

MQTT的入门，以及特性，协议，结构的讲解，请看下面这篇文章

什么是MQTT，它能干什么，它的应用场景在哪里？请参考下面这篇文章

本文中采用的MQTT服务器Apache-Apollo的下载配置搭建过程，请参考下面这篇文章

下面就开始创建broker，

RaindeMacBook-Pro:bin rain$ ./apollo create mybroker

Creating apollo instance at: mybroker

Generating ssl keystore...

Warning:

JKS 密钥库使用专用格式。建议使用 "keytool -importkeystore -srckeystore keystore -destkeystore keystore -deststoretype pkcs12" 迁移到行业标准格式 PKCS12。

You can now start the broker by executing:

"/Users/rain/Documents/Soft/apache-apollo-1.7.1/bin/mybroker/bin/apollo-broker" run

Or you can run the broker in the background using:

"/Users/rain/Documents/Soft/apache-apollo-1.7.1/bin/mybroker/bin/apollo-broker-service" start

进入新生成的broker中

RaindeMacBook-Pro:bin rain$ ls

apolloapollo.cmdmybrokertestbroker

RaindeMacBook-Pro:bin rain$ cd mybroker/

RaindeMacBook-Pro:mybroker rain$ ls

bindataetclogtmp

RaindeMacBook-Pro:mybroker rain$ cd bin

RaindeMacBook-Pro:bin rain$ ls

apollo-brokerapollo-broker-service

可以看到有两个文件，启动apollo-broker

启动成功以后，就可以在浏览器中访问了，默认用户名和密码是admin，password

刚进去是，Topics选项卡是空的，我是在运行程序后截图的，所以有一个topic列表

配置Maven

在pom.xml中添加以下配置

org.eclipse.paho

org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3

1.2.0

再创建下面的类

MqttServer

import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.*;

import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;

public class MqttServer2 {

/**

* 代理服务器ip地址

*/

public static final String MQTT_BROKER_HOST = "tcp://127.0.0.1:61613";

/**

* 订阅标识

*/

public static final String MQTT_TOPIC = "test2";

private static String userName = "admin";

private static String password = "password";

/**

* 客户端唯一标识

*/

public static final String MQTT_CLIENT_ID = "android_server_xiasuhuei32";

private static MqttTopic topic;

private static MqttClient client;

public static void main(String... args) {

// 推送消息

MqttMessage message = new MqttMessage();

try {

client = new MqttClient(MQTT_BROKER_HOST, MQTT_CLIENT_ID, new MemoryPersistence());

MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();

options.setCleanSession(true);

options.setUserName(userName);

options.setPassword(password.toCharArray());

options.setConnectionTimeout(10);

options.setKeepAliveInterval(20);

topic = client.getTopic(MQTT_TOPIC);

message.setQos(1);

message.setRetained(false);

message.setPayload("message from server222222".getBytes());

client.connect(options);

while (true) {

MqttDeliveryToken token = topic.publish(message);

token.waitForCompletion();

System.out.println("已经发送222");

Thread.sleep(10000);

}

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

MqttClient

import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.*;

import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;

public class MyMqttClient {

/**

* 代理服务器ip地址

*/

public static final String MQTT_BROKER_HOST = "tcp://127.0.0.1:61613";

/**

* 客户端唯一标识

*/

public static final String MQTT_CLIENT_ID = "android_xiasuhuei321";

/**

* 订阅标识

*/

// public static final String MQTT_TOPIC = "xiasuhuei321";

/**

*

*/

public static final String USERNAME = "admin";

/**

* 密码

*/

public static final String PASSWORD = "password";

public static final String TOPIC_FILTER = "test2";

private volatile static MqttClient mqttClient;

private static MqttConnectOptions options;

public static void main(String... args) {

try {

// host为主机名，clientid即连接MQTT的客户端ID，一般以客户端唯一标识符表示，

// MemoryPersistence设置clientid的保存形式，默认为以内存保存

mqttClient = new MqttClient(MQTT_BROKER_HOST, MQTT_CLIENT_ID, new MemoryPersistence());

// 配置参数信息

options = new MqttConnectOptions();

// 设置是否清空session,这里如果设置为false表示服务器会保留客户端的连接记录，

// 这里设置为true表示每次连接到服务器都以新的身份连接

options.setCleanSession(true);

// 设置用户名

options.setUserName(USERNAME);

// 设置密码

options.setPassword(PASSWORD.toCharArray());

// 设置超时时间 单位为秒

options.setConnectionTimeout(10);

// 设置会话心跳时间 单位为秒 服务器会每隔1.5*20秒的时间向客户端发送个消息判断客户端是否在线，但这个方法并没有重连的机制

options.setKeepAliveInterval(20);

// 连接

mqttClient.connect(options);

// 订阅

mqttClient.subscribe(TOPIC_FILTER);

// 设置回调

mqttClient.setCallback(new MqttCallback() {

@Override

public void connectionLost(Throwable throwable) {

System.out.println("connectionLost");

}

@Override

public void messageArrived(String s, MqttMessage mqttMessage) throws Exception {

System.out.println("Topic: " + s + " Message: " + mqttMessage.toString());

}

@Override

public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken iMqttDeliveryToken) {

}

});

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

PublishSample

import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttClient;

import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions;

import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttException;

import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage;

import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;

/**

*发布端

*/

public class PublishSample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

String topic = "test2";

String content = "hello 哈哈";

int qos = 1;

String broker = "tcp://127.0.0.1:61613";

String userName = "admin";

String password = "password";

String clientId = "pubClient";

// 内存存储

MemoryPersistence persistence = new MemoryPersistence();

try {

// 创建客户端

MqttClient sampleClient = new MqttClient(broker, clientId, persistence);

// 创建链接参数

MqttConnectOptions connOpts = new MqttConnectOptions();

// 在重新启动和重新连接时记住状态

connOpts.setCleanSession(false);

// 设置连接的用户名

connOpts.setUserName(userName);

connOpts.setPassword(password.toCharArray());

// 建立连接

sampleClient.connect(connOpts);

// 创建消息

MqttMessage message = new MqttMessage(content.getBytes());

// 设置消息的服务质量

message.setQos(qos);

// 发布消息

sampleClient.publish(topic, message);

// 断开连接

sampleClient.disconnect();

// 关闭客户端

sampleClient.close();

} catch (MqttException me) {

System.out.println("reason " + me.getReasonCode());

System.out.println("msg " + me.getMessage());

System.out.println("loc " + me.getLocalizedMessage());

System.out.println("cause " + me.getCause());

System.out.println("excep " + me);

me.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

SubscribeSample

import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.*;

import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;

/**

*订阅端

*/

public class SubscribeSample {

public static void main(String[] args) throws MqttException {

String HOST = "tcp://127.0.0.1:61613";

String TOPIC = "test2";

int qos = 1;

String clientid = "subClient";

String userName = "admin";

String passWord = "password";

try {

// host为主机名，test为clientid即连接MQTT的客户端ID，一般以客户端唯一标识符表示，MemoryPersistence设置clientid的保存形式，默认为以内存保存

MqttClient client = new MqttClient(HOST, clientid, new MemoryPersistence());

// MQTT的连接设置

MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();

// 设置是否清空session,这里如果设置为false表示服务器会保留客户端的连接记录，这里设置为true表示每次连接到服务器都以新的身份连接

options.setCleanSession(true);

// 设置连接的用户名

options.setUserName(userName);

// 设置连接的密码

options.setPassword(passWord.toCharArray());

// 设置超时时间 单位为秒

options.setConnectionTimeout(10);

// 设置会话心跳时间 单位为秒 服务器会每隔1.5*20秒的时间向客户端发送个消息判断客户端是否在线，但这个方法并没有重连的机制

options.setKeepAliveInterval(20);

// 设置回调函数

client.setCallback(new MqttCallback() {

public void connectionLost(Throwable cause) {

System.out.println("connectionLost");

}

public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) throws Exception {

System.out.println("topic:"+topic);

System.out.println("Qos:"+message.getQos());

System.out.println("message content:"+new String(message.getPayload()));

}

public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken token) {

System.out.println("deliveryComplete---------"+ token.isComplete());

}

});

client.connect(options);

//订阅消息

client.subscribe(TOPIC, qos);

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

启动程序

1.启动MqttServer2以后，开始循环发送消息。

2.启动MyMqttClient开始接收消息。

到这里，整个程序基本可以运行。

3.启动PublishSample，发布一条消息，在启动SubscribeSample来订阅发布的消息。

4.发布的消息在MyMqttClient中也会显示出来