mysql条件排序分页查询_MySQL操作之条件，排序，分页，聚合函数，分组，连接，子查询，自连接查询总结...

-- 查询练习

-- 查询所有字段

-- select * from 表名;

select * from students;

-- 查询指定字段

-- select 列1,列2,... from 表名;

select name,gender from students;

-- 使用 as 给字段起别名

-- select 字段 as 名字.... from 表名;

select name as "姓名",gender as "性别" from students;

-- select 表名.字段 .... from 表名;

select students.name,students.gender from students;

-- 可以通过 as 给表起别名

-- select 别名.字段 .... from 表名 as 别名;

select s.name,s.gender from students as s;

失败的select students.name, students.age from students as s;

-- 消除重复行(查性别)

-- distinct 字段

select distinct gender from students;

-- 条件查询

-- 比较运算符

-- select .... from 表名 where .....

-- >

-- 查询大于18岁的信息

select * from students where age > 18;

-- <

-- 查询小于18岁的信息

select * from students where age < 18;

-- >=

-- <=

-- 查询小于或者等于18岁的信息

select * from students where age <= 18;

-- =

-- 查询年龄为18岁的所有学生的名字

select name,age from students where age = 18;

-- != 或者 <>

select * from students where age != 18;

select * from students where age <> 18;

-- 逻辑运算符

-- and

-- 18和28之间的所以学生信息

select * from students where age > 18 and age < 28;

失败select * from students where age>18 and <28;

select * from students where 18

-- 18岁以上的女性

select * from students where age > 18 and gender=2;

-- or

-- 18以上或者身高高过180(包含)以上

select * from students where age > 18 or height >= 180;

-- not

-- 不在 18岁以上的女性 这个范围内的信息

select * from students where not (age > 18 and gender = 2);

select * from students where not (age > 18 and gender = 2);(注意)

-- 模糊查询(where name like 要查询的数据)

-- like

-- % 替换任意个

-- _ 替换1个

-- 查询姓名中 以 "小" 开始的名字

select * from students where name like "小%";

-- 查询姓名中 有 "小" 所有的名字

select * from students where name like "%小%";

-- 查询有2个字的名字

select * from students where name like "__";

-- 查询有3个字的名字

select * from students where name like "___";

-- 查询至少有2个字的名字

select * from students where name like "__%";

-- 范围查询

-- in (1, 3, 8)表示在一个非连续的范围内

-- 查询 年龄为18、34的姓名

select name,age from students where age in (18,34);

-- not in 不非连续的范围之内

-- 年龄不是 18、34岁的信息

select name,age from students where age not in (18,34);

(注意)select name from students where not age in (18,34);

-- between ... and ...表示在一个连续的范围内

-- 查询 年龄在18到34之间的的信息

select * from students where age between 18 and 34;

-- not between ... and ...表示不在一个连续的范围内

-- 查询 年龄不在在18到34之间的的信息

select * from students where age not between 18 and 34;

失败的select * from students where age not (between 18 and 34);

-- 空判断

-- 判空is null

-- 查询身高为空的信息

select * from students where height is null;

-- 判非空is not null

select * from students where height is not null;

失败select * from students where height not is null;

-- 排序

-- order by 字段

-- asc从小到大排列，即升序

-- desc从大到小排序，即降序

-- 查询年龄在18到34岁之间的男性，按照年龄从小到大到排序(默认是asc升序)

select * from students where (age between 18 and 34) and gender = 1 order by age asc;

-- 查询年龄在18到34岁之间的女性，身高从高到矮排序

select * from students where (age between 18 and 34) and gender = 2 order by height desc;

-- order by 多个字段

-- 查询年龄在18到34岁之间的女性，身高从高到矮排序, 如果身高相同的情况下按照年龄从小到大排序

select * from students where (age between 18 and 34) and gender = 2 order by height desc,age;

-- 查询年龄在18到34岁之间的女性，身高从高到矮排序, 如果身高相同的情况下按照年龄从小到大排序,

-- 如果年龄也相同那么按照id从大到小排序

select * from students where (age between 18 and 34) and gender = 2 order by height desc,age,id desc;

-- 聚合函数

-- 总数

-- count

-- 查询男性有多少人，女性有多少人

select count(*) from students where gender=1;

select count(*) from students where gender=2;

-- 最大值

-- max

-- 查询最大的年龄

select max(age) from students;

-- 查询女性的最高 身高

select max(height) from students where gender=2;

-- 最小值

-- min

select min(height) from students;

-- 求和

-- sum

-- 计算所有人的年龄总和

select sum(age) from students;

-- 平均值

-- avg

-- 计算平均年龄

select avg(age) from students;

-- 计算平均年龄 sum(age)/count(*)

select sum(age)/count(*) from students;

-- 四舍五入 round(123.23 , 1) 保留1位小数

-- 计算所有人的平均年龄，保留2位小数

select round(avg(age),2) from students;

-- 计算男性的平均身高 保留2位小数

select round(avg(height),2) from students where gender=1;

-- 分组(重点)

-- group by

-- 按照性别分组,查询所有的性别

select gender from students group by gender;

select name,gender from students group by gender;错误

-- select name,gender from students group by gender;

-- 失败select * from students group by gender;

-- 计算每种性别中的人数

select count(*),gender from students group by gender;

-- group_concat(...)

-- 查询同种性别中的姓名

select gender,group_concat(name) from students group by gender;

-- 查询每组性别的平均年龄

select avg(age),gender from students group by gender;

-- 查询平均年龄超过30岁的性别，以及姓名 having avg(age) > 30(重点)

select gender,group_concat(name) from students group by gender having avg(age) > 30;

-- 查询每种性别的平均年龄和名字

select avg(age),group_concat(name) from students group by gender;

-- 查询每种性别中的人数多于2个的性别和姓名(重点)

select gender,group_concat(name) from students group by gender having count(*) > 2;

-- with rollup 汇总的作用(了解)

select gender,count(*) from students group by gender with rollup;

-- 分页

-- limit start, count

-- 限制查询出来的数据个数

-- 查询前5个数据

select * from students limit 5;

-- 每页显示2个，第1个页面

select * from students limit 0,2;

-- 每页显示2个，第2个页面

select * from students limit 2,2;

-- 每页显示2个，第3个页面

select * from students limit 4,2;

-- 每页显示2个，第4个页面

select * from students limit 6,2;

-- 每页显示2个，显示第6页的信息, 按照年龄从小到大排序

select * from students order by age asc limit 10,2;

错误1 select * from students limit 10,2 order by age asc;

-- 错误的写法

错误2 select * from students limit 2*(6-1),2;

-- limit 放在最后面(注意)

-- 连接查询(重点)

-- inner join ... on

-- select ... from 表A inner join 表B;

select * from students inner join classes;

-- 查询 有能够对应班级的学生以及班级信息

select * from students inner join classes on students.cls_id=classes.id;

-- 按照要求显示姓名、班级

select students.name,classes.name from students inner join classes on students.cls_id=classes.id;

-- 给数据表起名字

select s.name,c.name from students as s inner join classes as c on s.cls_id=c.id;

-- 查询 有能够对应班级的学生以及班级信息，显示学生的所有信息 students.*，只显示班级名称 classes.name.

select students.*,classes.name from students inner join classes on students.cls_id=classes.id;

-- 在以上的查询中，将班级姓名显示在第1列

select classes.name,students.* from students inner join classes on students.cls_id=classes.id;

-- 查询 有能够对应班级的学生以及班级信息, 按照班级进行排序

-- select c.xxx s.xxx from students as s inner join clssses as c on .... order by ....;

select classes.name,students.* from students inner join classes on students.cls_id=classes.id order by classes.name;

-- 当时同一个班级的时候，按照学生的id进行从小到大排序

select classes.name,students.* from students inner join classes on students.cls_id=classes.id order by classes.name,students.id;

-- left join

-- 查询每位学生对应的班级信息

select * from students inner join classes on students.cls_id=classes.id;

select * from students left join classes on students.cls_id=classes.id;

-- select * from students right join classes on students.cls_id = classes.id;

-- 查询没有对应班级信息的学生

-- select ... from xxx as s left join xxx as c on..... where .....

-- select ... from xxx as s left join xxx as c on..... having .....

select * from students left join classes on students.cls_id=classes.id where classes.id is null;

(注意)不建议使用 select * from students left join classes on students.cls_id=classes.id having classes.id is null;

-- right join on

-- 将数据表名字互换位置，用left join完成

-- 子查询

-- 标量子查询: 子查询返回的结果是一个数据(一行一列)

-- 列子查询: 返回的结果是一列(一列多行)

-- 行子查询: 返回的结果是一行(一行多列)

-- 查询出高于平均身高的信息(height)

-- 1 查出平均身高

select avg(height) from students;

-- 2 查出高于平均身高的信息

select * from students where height > (select avg(height) from students);

-- 查询学生的班级号能够对应的 学生名字

-- select name from students where cls_id in (select id from classes);

-- 1 查出所有的班级id

select id from classes;

(1,2)

-- 2 查出能够对应上班级号的学生信息

select * from students where cls_id in (select id from classes);