tirm php,PHP中trim 会导致乱码的原因

运行以下代码：$tag = "互联网产品、";

$text = rtrim($tag, "、");

print_r($text);

我们可能以为会得到的结果是互联网产品，实际结果是互联网产�。为什么会这样呢？

科普

PHP 里使用mb_前缀的都是多字节函数 http://php.net/manual/zh/ref....

比如$str = "abcd";

print_r(strlen($str)."\n"); // 4

print_r(mb_strlen($str)."\n"); // 4

$str = "周梦康";

print_r(strlen($str)."\n"); // 9

print_r(mb_strlen($str)."\n"); // 3

mb_系列函数是以“多个字节组成的一个字符”为颗粒度来操作的，不带mb_则是按实际的字节数来操作的。

原理

trim 函数文档string trim ( string $str [, string $character_mask = " \t\n\r\0\x0B" ] )

该函数不是多字节函数，也就是说，汉字这样的多字节字符，会拿其头或尾的单字节来和后面的$character_mask对应的char数组进行匹配，如果在后面的数组中，则删掉，继续匹配。比如：echo ltrim("bcdf","abc"); // df

如下面的 demo 中的函数string_print_char所示：

、由0xe3 0x80 0x81三字节组成，

品由0xe5 0x93 0x81三字节组成。

所以在执行rtrim的时候，通过字节比对，会将0x81去掉，导致了最后出现了乱码。

源码探究

查看 PHP7 的源码，然后提炼出下面的小 demo ，方便大家一起学习，其实PHP源码的学习并不难，每天进步一点点。//

// main.c

// trim

//

// Created by 周梦康 on 2017/10/18.

// Copyright © 2017年 周梦康. All rights reserved.

//

#include

#include

#include

void string_print_char(char *str);

void php_charmask(unsigned char *input, size_t len, char *mask);

char *ltrim(char *str,char *character_mask);

char *rtrim(char *str,char *character_mask);

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])

{

printf("%s\n",ltrim("bcdf","abc"));

string_print_char("品"); // e5 93 81

string_print_char("、"); // e3 80 81

printf("%s\n",rtrim("互联网产品、","、"));

return 0;

}

char *ltrim(char *str,char *character_mask)

{

char *res;

char mask[256];

register size_t i;

int trimmed = 0;

size_t len = strlen(str);

php_charmask((unsigned char*)character_mask, strlen(character_mask), mask);

for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {

if (mask[(unsigned char)str[i]]) {

trimmed++;

} else {

break;

}

}

len -= trimmed;

str += trimmed;

res = (char *) malloc(sizeof(char) * (len+1));

memcpy(res,str,len);

return res;

}

char *rtrim(char *str,char *character_mask)

{

char *res;

char mask[256];

register size_t i;

size_t len = strlen(str);

php_charmask((unsigned char*)character_mask, strlen(character_mask), mask);

if (len > 0) {

i = len - 1;

do {

if (mask[(unsigned char)str[i]]) {

len--;

} else {

break;

}

} while (i-- != 0);

}

res = (char *) malloc(sizeof(char) * (len+1));

memcpy(res,str,len);

return res;

}

void string_print_char(char *str)

{

unsigned long l = strlen(str);

for (int i=0; i < l; i++) {

printf("%02hhx\t",str[i]);

}

printf("\n");

}

void php_charmask(unsigned char *input, size_t len, char *mask)

{

unsigned char *end;

unsigned char c;

memset(mask, 0, 256);

for (end = input+len; input < end; input++) {

c = *input;

mask[c]= 1;

}

}

如果觉得 demo 还不够清晰的，复制下来，自己执行一次吧~

C 语言基础较差的同学也不用担心，我准备后面专门写一个PHP小白学习 C 语言的系列入门短文哈。

解决方案

那么我们就依葫芦画瓢，用 php 本身的多字节函数来实现下吧：function mb_rtrim($string, $trim, $encoding)

{

$mask = [];

$trimLength = mb_strlen($trim, $encoding);

for ($i = 0; $i < $trimLength; $i++) {

$item = mb_substr($trim, $i, 1, $encoding);

$mask[] = $item;

}

$len = mb_strlen($string, $encoding);

if ($len > 0) {

$i = $len - 1;

do {

$item = mb_substr($string, $i, 1, $encoding);

if (in_array($item, $mask)) {

$len--;

} else {

break;

}

} while ($i-- != 0);

}

return mb_substr($string, 0, $len, $encoding);

}

mb_internal_encoding("UTF-8");

$tag = "互联网产品、";

$encoding = mb_internal_encoding();

print_r(mb_rtrim($tag, "、",$encoding));

当然你也可以使用正则来做。通过上面的函数学习，单字节函数和多字节函数，你学会了吗？

PHP7 相关源码PHP_FUNCTION(trim)

{

php_do_trim(INTERNAL_FUNCTION_PARAM_PASSTHRU, 3);

}

PHP_FUNCTION(rtrim)

{

php_do_trim(INTERNAL_FUNCTION_PARAM_PASSTHRU, 2);

}

PHP_FUNCTION(ltrim)

{

php_do_trim(INTERNAL_FUNCTION_PARAM_PASSTHRU, 1);

}static void php_do_trim(INTERNAL_FUNCTION_PARAMETERS, int mode)

{

zend_string *str;

zend_string *what = NULL;

ZEND_PARSE_PARAMETERS_START(1, 2)

Z_PARAM_STR(str)

Z_PARAM_OPTIONAL

Z_PARAM_STR(what)

ZEND_PARSE_PARAMETERS_END();

ZVAL_STR(return_value, php_trim(str, (what ? ZSTR_VAL(what) : NULL), (what ? ZSTR_LEN(what) : 0), mode));

}PHPAPI zend_string *php_trim(zend_string *str, char *what, size_t what_len, int mode)

{

const char *c = ZSTR_VAL(str);

size_t len = ZSTR_LEN(str);

register size_t i;

size_t trimmed = 0;

char mask[256];

if (what) {

if (what_len == 1) {

char p = *what;

if (mode & 1) {

for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {

if (c[i] == p) {

trimmed++;

} else {

break;

}

}

len -= trimmed;

c += trimmed;

}

if (mode & 2) {

if (len > 0) {

i = len - 1;

do {

if (c[i] == p) {

len--;

} else {

break;

}

} while (i-- != 0);

}

}

} else {

php_charmask((unsigned char*)what, what_len, mask);

if (mode & 1) {

for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {

if (mask[(unsigned char)c[i]]) {

trimmed++;

} else {

break;

}

}

len -= trimmed;

c += trimmed;

}

if (mode & 2) {

if (len > 0) {

i = len - 1;

do {

if (mask[(unsigned char)c[i]]) {

len--;

} else {

break;

}

} while (i-- != 0);

}

}

}

} else {

if (mode & 1) {

for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {

if ((unsigned char)c[i] <= ' ' &&

(c[i] == ' ' || c[i] == '\n' || c[i] == '\r' || c[i] == '\t' || c[i] == '\v' || c[i] == '\0')) {

trimmed++;

} else {

break;

}

}

len -= trimmed;

c += trimmed;

}

if (mode & 2) {

if (len > 0) {

i = len - 1;

do {

if ((unsigned char)c[i] <= ' ' &&

(c[i] == ' ' || c[i] == '\n' || c[i] == '\r' || c[i] == '\t' || c[i] == '\v' || c[i] == '\0')) {

len--;

} else {

break;

}

} while (i-- != 0);

}

}

}

if (ZSTR_LEN(str) == len) {

return zend_string_copy(str);

} else {

return zend_string_init(c, len, 0);

}

}/* {{{ php_charmask

* Fills a 256-byte bytemask with input. You can specify a range like 'a..z',

* it needs to be incrementing.

* Returns: FAILURE/SUCCESS whether the input was correct (i.e. no range errors)

*/

static inline int php_charmask(unsigned char *input, size_t len, char *mask)

{

unsigned char *end;

unsigned char c;

int result = SUCCESS;

memset(mask, 0, 256);

for (end = input+len; input < end; input++) {

c=*input;

if ((input+3 < end) && input[1] == '.' && input[2] == '.'

&& input[3] >= c) {

memset(mask+c, 1, input[3] - c + 1);

input+=3;

} else if ((input+1 < end) && input[0] == '.' && input[1] == '.') {

/* Error, try to be as helpful as possible:

(a range ending/starting with '.' won't be captured here) */

if (end-len >= input) { /* there was no 'left' char */

php_error_docref(NULL, E_WARNING, "Invalid '..'-range, no character to the left of '..'");

result = FAILURE;

continue;

}

if (input+2 >= end) { /* there is no 'right' char */

php_error_docref(NULL, E_WARNING, "Invalid '..'-range, no character to the right of '..'");

result = FAILURE;

continue;

}

if (input[-1] > input[2]) { /* wrong order */

php_error_docref(NULL, E_WARNING, "Invalid '..'-range, '..'-range needs to be incrementing");

result = FAILURE;

continue;

}

/* FIXME: better error (a..b..c is the only left possibility?) */

php_error_docref(NULL, E_WARNING, "Invalid '..'-range");

result = FAILURE;

continue;

} else {

mask[c]=1;

}

}

return result;

}

/* }}} */