python实现单例模式方法_Python单例模式的三种实现方法,方式

from functools import wraps

class Foo1(object):

"""单例模式 1 使用类方法"""

__instance = None

@classmethod

def instance(cls):

if cls.__instance:

return cls.__instance

else:

obj = cls()

cls.__instance = obj

return cls.__instance

def test1():

obj1 = Foo1.instance()

obj2 = Foo1.instance()

# id相同

print(f'id(obj1)={id(obj1)}/id(obj2)={id(obj2)}')

class Foo2(object):

"""单例模式 2 基于__new__方法实现"""

__instance = None

def __init__(self):

pass

def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):

if cls.__instance:

return cls.__instance

else:

obj = object.__new__(cls)

cls.__instance = obj

return cls.__instance

def test2():

obj1 = Foo2()

obj2 = Foo2()

# id相同

print(f'id(obj1)={id(obj1)}/id(obj2)={id(obj2)}')

def Singleton(cls):

_instance = {}

@wraps(cls)

def _singleton(*args, **kwargs):

if cls not in _instance:

_instance[cls] = cls(*args, **kwargs)

return _instance[cls]

return _singleton

@Singleton

class Foo3(object):

"""单例模式 3 基于装饰器"""

count = 0

def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):

cls.count += 1

def __init__(self):

pass

def test3():

obj1 = Foo3()

obj2 = Foo3()

# id相同

print(f'id(obj1)={id(obj1)}/id(obj2)={id(obj2)}')

if __name__ == '__main__':

test1()

test2()

test3()