python语法简单吗_简单的python入门语法

Lynda

python3的基础知识，包括输出、条件表达式、函数、函数迭代、基本类的定义、mvc模式的简单事例等。

1.[代码][Python]代码

#!/usr/bin/python3

# 开始学习python

print("hello,world")

# 条件语句

a, b = 3, 1

if a < b:

print('a({}) is less than b({})'. format(a,b))

else:

print('a({}) is great than b({})'. format(a,b))

# ?: 模仿三元表达式

print("foo" if a < b else "bar");

# while循环 fabonacci

a,b = 0,1 # 赋值 a = 0 , b = 1

while b < 50:

print(b)

a, b = b, a+b

print("Done.")

# for循环，迭代输出文本信息

#lines.txt

#01 This is a line of text

#02 This is a line of text

#03 This is a line of text

#04 This is a line of text

#05 This is a line of text

fh = open("lines.txt")

for line in fh.readlines():

print(line, end='')

# 计算素数的函数，素数(只能被1和自己整除的数)

def isprime(n):

if n == 1:

#print("1 is special")

return False

for x in range(2, n):

if n%x == 0:

#print("{} equals {} x {}".format(n, x, n // x))

return False

else:

#print(n, "is a prime")

return True

for n in range(1, 30):

isprime(n)

# 迭代函数 primes, phper表示很难理解.

# yield返回当前的素数，primes下次迭代时，将会从yield返回的数字开始。

def primes(n = 1):

while(True):

if isprime(n): yield n

n += 1

for n in primes():

if n > 100: break

print(n)

# oop 基本类的定义

class Fibonacci():

def __init__(self, a, b):

self.a = a

self.b = b

# 含有yield语法的应该都是一个构造器，可以内部迭代

def series(self):

while (True):

yield(self.b)

self.a, self.b = self.b, self.a + self.b

# 迭代构造器 Fibonacci.series()

f = Fibonacci(0,1)

for r in f.series():

if r > 100: break

print(r, end=' ')

# 一个简单的mvc模式

# oop2 继承与多态，高级概念

# Duck,Person,Dog都继承AnimalActions

# --- VIEW ---

class AnimalActions:

def quack(self): return self._doAction('quack')

def feathers(self): return self._doAction('feathers')

def bark(self): return self._doAction('bark')

def fur(self): return self._doAction('fur')

def _doAction(self, action):

if action in self.strings:

return self.strings[action]

else:

return "The {} has no {}".format(self.animalName(), action)

def animalName(self):

return self.__class__.__name__.lower()

# --- MODEL ---

class Duck(AnimalActions):

strings = dict(

quack = "Quaaaak!",

feathers = "The duck has gray and white feathers."

)

class Person(AnimalActions):

strings = dict(

quack = "The person iitates a duck!",

feathers = "The person takes a feather from the ground and shows it.",

bark = "The person says woof.",

fur = "The person puts on a fur coat."

)

class Dog(AnimalActions):

strings = dict(

bark = "Arf!",

fur = "The dog has white fur with black spots."

)

# --- CONTROLLER ---

def in_the_doghouse(dog):

print(dog.bark())

print(dog.fur())

def in_the_forest(duck):

print(duck.quack())

print(duck.feathers())

def main():

donald = Duck()

john = Person()

fido = Dog()

# 三个对象都能在不同的地方拥有同样的行为

print("- In the forest:")

for o in ( donald, john, fido ):

in_the_forest(o)

print("- In the doghouse:")

for o in ( donald, john, fido ):

in_the_doghouse(o)

if __name__ == '__main__': main()

# 异常 phper表示很强大

# 尝试打开一个不存在的文件

try:

fh = open("xline.txt")

for line in fh.readlines():

print(line)

except IOError as e:

print("something bad happend {}.".format(e))