IntelliJ IDEA 配合 Maven 的一些技巧：Profiles

环境

• IntelliJ IDEA 2017.1
• Maven 3.3.9
• Nexus 3.2.1

学习前提

• 了解 Maven 配置的基本用法
• 了解私有仓库，比如 nexus 的一些概念
• 强烈建议把 Maven 的 settings.xml 文件同时放在：%USER_HOME%/.m2/settings.xml 和${maven.home}/conf/settings.xml 两个地方。避免使用终端的时候默认去调用用户目录下的

Maven 中的 profile

• Maven 中有一个概念叫做：profile，它的诞生主要是为了解决不同环境所需的不同变量、配置等问题。
• 有了 profile，可以根据激活的条件，启动不同条件下的配置信息。
• profile 是可以有多个的，也可以同时激活多个 profile，方便自由组合。
• profile 一般可以在三个地方：settings.xml，pom.xml，profiles.xml（这个不常用）
• 在 settings.xml 上，一般大家用来做仓库的选择，比如以下 settings.xml 代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd"> <localRepository>D:\maven\my_local_repository</localRepository> <pluginGroups> </pluginGroups> <proxies> </proxies> <profiles> <profile> <id>nexus</id> <repositories> <repository> <id>nexus</id> <url>http://192.168.1.73:8081/repository/maven-public/</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </repository> </repositories> <pluginRepositories> <pluginRepository> <id>nexus</id> <url>http://192.168.1.73:8081/repository/maven-public/</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </pluginRepository> </pluginRepositories> </profile> <profile> <id>aliyun</id> <repositories> <repository> <id>aliyun</id> <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </repository> </repositories> <pluginRepositories> <pluginRepository> <id>aliyun</id> <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </pluginRepository> </pluginRepositories> </profile> </profiles> <activeProfiles> <activeProfile>nexus</activeProfile> </activeProfiles> </settings> 

• 以上代码中 profile 就做一件事：设置全局的 profile，一个是 nexus 仓库，一个是 aliyun 仓库，默认激活的是 nexus 仓库。（activeProfiles）
• 在 pom.xml 中，一般用来激活环境配置，比如以下代码：

<profiles>
    <profile>
        <id>dev</id> <properties> <package.environment>dev</package.environment> </properties> <activation> <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault> </activation> <build> <resources> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> <includes> <include>**/*</include> </includes> <filtering>true</filtering> </resource> <resource> <directory>src/main/env/${package.environment}</directory> <includes> <include>**/*</include> </includes> <filtering>true</filtering> </resource> </resources> <finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName> </build> </profile> <profile> <id>product</id> <properties> <package.environment>product</package.environment> </properties> <activation> <activeByDefault>false</activeByDefault> </activation> <build> <resources> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> <includes> <include>**/*</include> </includes> <filtering>true</filtering> </resource> <resource> <directory>src/main/env/${package.environment}</directory> <includes> <include>**/*</include> </includes> <filtering>true</filtering> </resource> </resources> <finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName> </build> </profile> </profiles> 

• 以上代码中 profile 就做一件事：打包的时候，默认是 dev 模式，打包 src/main/env/dev 下的配置文件，如果选择 product 则打包 src/main/env/product 下的配置文件

IntelliJ IDEA 使用 Maven Profile 的案例

• 在 IntelliJ IDEA 上调用 profile 简单，如下图勾选对应的复选框即可，可以多选。

  

 

• 只使用 aliyun 仓库可以这样配置 settings.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd"> <localRepository>D:\maven\my_local_repository</localRepository> <pluginGroups> </pluginGroups> <proxies> </proxies> <profiles> <profile> <id>aliyun</id> <repositories> <repository> <id>aliyun</id> <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </repository> </repositories> <pluginRepositories> <pluginRepository> <id>aliyun</id> <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </pluginRepository> </pluginRepositories> </profile> </profiles> <activeProfiles> <activeProfile>aliyun</activeProfile> </activeProfiles> </settings> 

• 使用 nexus + aliyun 仓库可以这样配置 settings.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd"> <localRepository>D:\maven\my_local_repository</localRepository> <pluginGroups> </pluginGroups> <proxies> </proxies> <profiles> <profile> <id>nexus</id> <repositories> <repository> <id>nexus</id> <url>http://192.168.1.73:8081/repository/maven-public/</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </repository> </repositories> <pluginRepositories> <pluginRepository> <id>nexus</id> <url>http://192.168.1.73:8081/repository/maven-public/</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </pluginRepository> </pluginRepositories> </profile> <profile> <id>aliyun</id> <repositories> <repository> <id>aliyun</id> <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </repository> </repositories> <pluginRepositories> <pluginRepository> <id>aliyun</id> <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </pluginRepository> </pluginRepositories> </profile> </profiles> <activeProfiles> <activeProfile>nexus</activeProfile> </activeProfiles> </settings>


来源：https://youmeek.gitbooks.io/intellij-idea-tutorial/content/maven-skill-introduce.html

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/shengulong/p/9335925.html