android 的一些基础实现

 1、 Notification后台运行,Notification构建随着api的更新一直在变,因此一般最新的设计方法都可以去参考谷歌的文档。

    1、Notification的更新一般不是和activivity控件一样更新,而是重新构建一样的notification,然后用notify(ID,notification)来刷新通知,只要ID一样就会更新,如果没有就创建。

    2、如播放器、FMRadio等需要长期后台运行的则外面可以用startForeground(ID,notification),通知栏一般就不会回收。

    3、利用setStyle来设计notification的样式和一些action的显示:如下面谷歌文档里的一段代码:

     setShowActionsInCompactView设计显示的action的数字,参数是int可变数组,显示相应的action事件

Notification notification = new Notification.Builder(context)
    // Show controls on lock screen even when user hides sensitive content.
    .setVisibility(Notification.VISIBILITY_PUBLIC)
    .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_stat_player)
    // Add media control buttons that invoke intents in your media service
    .addAction(R.drawable.ic_prev, "Previous", prevPendingIntent) // #0
    .addAction(R.drawable.ic_pause, "Pause", pausePendingIntent)  // #1
    .addAction(R.drawable.ic_next, "Next", nextPendingIntent)     // #2
    // Apply the media style template
    .setStyle(new Notification.MediaStyle()
      .setShowActionsInCompactView(1 /* #1: pause button */)
      .setMediaSession(mMediaSession.getSessionToken())
    .setContentTitle("Wonderful music")
    .setContentText("My Awesome Band")
    .setLargeIcon(albumArtBitmap)
    .build();
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  2 、按返回键不退出应用而是后台运行(覆写back键)

  关键性的一句是moveTaskToBack(false);

@Override 
    public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) { 
        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) { 
            moveTaskToBack(false); 
            return true; 
        } 
        return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event); 
    }
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  3 listView的设置条目位置,setsetSelectionFromTop 无效

   1、无效的原因应该是在点击的某个button时候出现了耗资源耗时操作,比如我遇到的是开启一个收音机的服务导致了listview界面自动刷新回到了listview的最上面,为了解决这个问题在item点击事件里面利用setSelectionFromTop强制指定位置时候无效果。listview的刷新是在启动服务后发生的,且启动服务是另外一个线程,因此就算setSelectionFromTop在启动服务代码后也是无效的,因为运行到setSelectionFromTop时候服务仍然没有开启起来,只有开启起来了listview才会进行刷新。因此必须采用一个异步的延时操作:

  2、arg1.getTop()是获取当前条目离listview最上端的距离。arg1是listview的一个Item。

final int c = arg2;
       final int y = arg1.getTop();
       mStationList.postDelayed(new Runnable() {
           @Override
           public void run() {
               mStationList.requestFocusFromTouch();
               //int y =mStationList.getHeight()/2-mStationList.getHeight()/6;
               mStationList.setSelectionFromTop(c,y);
           }
       } , 150);  
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   4 调用系统的时钟来倒计时 

该函数是过duration毫秒后就发送广播SLEEP_EXPIRED_ACTION

private void setAlarmExpired (long duration) {  
       Intent i = new Intent(SLEEP_EXPIRED_ACTION); //SLEEP_EXPIRED_ACTION是自定义的一个intent-fliter字段
       AlarmManager am =(AlarmManager)getSystemService(Context.ALARM_SERVICE);
       PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, i, 0);
       am.set(AlarmManager.ELAPSED_REALTIME_WAKEUP, SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() + duration, pi);
   }
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  5 获取系统当前时间时、分、秒

方法一:

public void gettime(){
        Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
        c.getTime();//Fri Nov 11 09:49:48 GMT+00:00 2016
        System.out.println(c.getTime().toString());
        int hour = c.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
        int minute = c.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
        int seconds = c.get(Calendar.SECOND);
    }
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 方法二:

public void gettime(){
        Date date = new Date();
        SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss"); // 格式化时间
        String filename = format.format(date);
        System.out.println("cacccccccccccc"+ filename);//20161111095330,2016,11.11 9:53:30
    }
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 6 n次点击事件的实现

     int n =4;
    long a[] = new long[n];
public void click(View view)
{
    long currentTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
    for(int i = 0 ; i < n - 1; i ++)
    {
        a[i] = a[i+1];
    }
    a[n-1]=currentTimeMillis;
    if(a[n-1] - a[0] < 500)
        {
            Toast.makeText(this , n+"点击成功" , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
             a = new long[n];
        }
}
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  7、android 获取手机所有应用,查询所以的action,将隐式intent转化为显示intent的方法。和查询手机里的应用服务广播等操作。

见博客:http://www.cnblogs.com/bokeofzp/p/6044595.html 的第三节中的隐式转显示intetnt的函数

  8、android截取手机屏幕(截屏)

    1、利用view来获取:会有像素的损失。原因在于view.buildDrawingCache();时候源码里实现时有个drawingCacheSize,当大于这个值时候会销毁掉,因此2、3行重新约束了下view的大小。

 public Bitmap myShot2(Activity activity) {
        // 获取windows中最顶层的view
        View view = activity.getWindow().getDecorView();
        view.measure(View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED), View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED));
        view.layout(0, 0, view.getMeasuredWidth(), view.getMeasuredHeight());
        view.buildDrawingCache();
        return view.getDrawingCache();
    }
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    2、利用画布来将屏幕图像画入图片,这种方式获得屏幕截图清晰度高

 public Bitmap myShot3(View view) {
        View view2 = this.getWindow().getDecorView();
        Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view2.getWidth(), view2.getHeight(),
                Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
        //利用bitmap生成画布
        Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
        //把view中的内容绘制在画布上
        view2.draw(canvas);
        return bitmap
}    
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   9、android从图库、拍照获取图片的实现 

public void takePhoto(View view)
    {

        if(bitmap2!=null&&!bitmap2.isRecycled())
            bitmap2.recycle();
        Intent imageIntent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
        File dir = new File(imagepath);
        if (!dir.exists()) {
            dir.mkdirs();
        }
        imagepath= Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+"/zp.jpg";
        File file = new File(imagepath);
        imageIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT,Uri.fromFile(file)); //会将拍的的照片存在该文件imagepath
        imageIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_VIDEO_QUALITY, 1);
        startActivityForResult(imageIntent,CAPTURE_IMAGE_ACTIVITY_REQUEST_CODE);

        System.out.println(imagepath);
    }
    public void gallery(View view)
    {
        if(bitmap!=null&&!bitmap.isRecycled())
        bitmap.recycle();
        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
        intent.setType("image/*");
        intent.putExtra("crop", true);
        intent.putExtra("return-data", true);
        startActivityForResult(intent, PICK_IMAGE);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
//        if(data == null)
//            return;
        //从图库获取的回调处理
        if(requestCode == PICK_IMAGE)
        {
            Uri uri =data.getData();//com.android.providers.media.documents/document/image%3A56
            ContentResolver contentResolver = getContentResolver();
            try {
                InputStream inputStream = contentResolver.openInputStream(uri);
                bitmap2 = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(inputStream);
                imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap2);
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        //从相机的回调处理
        else if(requestCode == CAPTURE_IMAGE_ACTIVITY_REQUEST_CODE )
        {
            bitmap2 = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imagepath);
            imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap2);
        }
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
    }
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   10、屏幕分辨率

方法一:

DisplayMetrics dm = new DisplayMetrics();
        getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getMetrics(dm);
        screenWidth = dm.widthPixels;
        getScreenHeight = dm.heightPixels;
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方法二:

 Display display = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay();
        //过时getWidth
        // System.out.println("kkkkkkkkkkkkkkk2"+ display.getWidth());
        Point point = new Point();
        display.getSize(point);
        screenWidth = point.x;
        getScreenHeight = point.y;
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 方法三:

DisplayMetrics dm2 = getResources().getDisplayMetrics();

System.out.println("heigth2 : " + dm2.heightPixels);

System.out.println("width2 : " + dm2.widthPixels);
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   11、代码中动态全屏和关闭全屏

**   
 * 动态设置全屏   
 */   
private void setFullScreen(){   
  getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN,WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);   
   }

   /**   
 * 动态取消全屏   
 */   
private void quitFullScreen(){   
    final WindowManager.LayoutParams attrs = getWindow().getAttributes();   
    attrs.flags &= (~WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);   
    getWindow().setAttributes(attrs);   
    getWindow().clearFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_LAYOUT_NO_LIMITS);   
}   
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   12、一些屏幕触控获取坐标或者距离的函数的区别

13、获取当前应用的名字

public String getCurrentActivityName()
    {
        if (mActivityManager == null)
        {
            mActivityManager = (ActivityManager) getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
        }
        List<RunningTaskInfo> rti = mActivityManager.getRunningTasks(1);
        String currentTaskName = rti.get(0).topActivity.getPackageName();
        return currentTaskName;
    }
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14、通过intent查询intent的服务或者activity的包名类名(如查询桌面应用包名,和类名)

/**
     * 获得属于桌面的应用的应用包名称
     *
     * @return 返回桌面的应用的应用包名称
     */
    private String getHomePackageName()
    {
        PackageManager packageManager = this.getPackageManager();
        // 属性
        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN);
        intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_HOME);
        List<ResolveInfo> mResolveInfo = packageManager.queryIntentActivities( //若是服务可以用queryIntentServices查询
                intent, PackageManager.MATCH_DEFAULT_ONLY);

        // Make sure only one match was found
        if (mResolveInfo == null || mResolveInfo.size() != 1) {
            return null;
        }
        ResolveInfo resolveInfo = mResolveInfo.get(0);
        String packageName = resolveInfo.serviceInfo.packageName;  //获取包
        String className = resolveInfo.serviceInfo.name;  //获取类名(全路径)
        ComponentName component = new ComponentName(packageName, className);
        return packageName;
    }
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 15、修改菜单的那3个点图标

在主题中添加下面的那条属性,然后在引用的style中添加图片资源

<resources>  
    <!--  
        Base application theme for API 14+. This theme completely replaces  
        AppBaseTheme from BOTH res/values/styles.xml and  
        res/values-v11/styles.xml on API 14+ devices.  
    -->  
    <style name="AppBaseTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar">  
        <!-- API 14 theme customizations can go here. -->  
        <item name="android:actionOverflowButtonStyle">@style/OverflowStyle</item>  
    </style>  
    <style name="OverflowStyle">  
        <item name="android:src">@drawable/actionbar_add_icon</item>  
    </style>  
</resources>  
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 16 、让屏幕长亮

getWindow().addFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_KEEP_SCREEN_ON);

 17 获取屏幕长宽:

WindowManager wm = (WindowManager) getContext()
                .getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);
        screenWidth = wm.getDefaultDisplay().getWidth();
        screenHeight = wm.getDefaultDisplay().getHeight();

 18 字体颜色渐变 参考:http://blog.csdn.net/le_go/article/details/39154289

1、自定义控件 在layout 中设置paint 的属性。

2、在代码中设置

TextView mText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text);  
LinearGradient mLinearGradient = new LinearGradient(0, 0, 0, mText.getPaint().getTextSize(), Color.WHITE, Color.BLACK, Shader.TileMode.CLAMP);  
mText.getPaint().setShader(mLinearGradient);  

 18  背景颜色渐变,drawable中绘制:

<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <gradient
        android:startColor="#ff0000"
        android:endColor="#FFFF00"
        android:angle="90"
        />
</shape>

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/bokeofzp/p/6031231.html

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