【定义】当一个对象的内在状态改变时,允许改变其行为,这个对象看起来像是改变了其类。
【场景】比如看一场电影,有以下状态 买票状态:等待进场验票,进场状态:等待电影开始;看电影状态:等待电影结束;出场状态:等待下一场电影 ;
【UML】
【代码】
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class SeeFilm;
class State
{
public:
virtual void ChangeState(SeeFilm* seeFilm) = 0;
virtual void ShowState() = 0;
};
class SeeFilm
{
private:
State* state;
public:
void SetState(State* s)
{
delete state;
if(NULL != s)
{
state = s;
state->ShowState();
}
}
void ChangeState()
{
state->ChangeState(this);
}
};
class StateFilmOver : public State
{
public:
virtual void ChangeState(SeeFilm* seeFilm)
{
seeFilm->SetState(NULL);
}
virtual void ShowState()
{
cout<<"Current State: StateFilmOver"<<endl;
}
};
class StateSeeFilm : public State
{
public:
virtual void ChangeState(SeeFilm* seeFilm)
{
seeFilm->SetState(new StateFilmOver());
}
virtual void ShowState()
{
cout<<"Current State: StateSeeFilm"<<endl;
}
};
class StateWaitFilm : public State
{
public:
virtual void ChangeState(SeeFilm* seeFilm)
{
seeFilm->SetState(new StateSeeFilm());
}
virtual void ShowState()
{
cout<<"Current State: StateWaitFilm"<<endl;
}
};
class StateGetTicket : public State
{
public:
virtual void ChangeState(SeeFilm* seeFilm)
{
seeFilm->SetState(new StateWaitFilm());
}
virtual void ShowState()
{
cout<<"Current State: StateGetTicket"<<endl;
}
};
int main()
{
SeeFilm* seeFilm = new SeeFilm();
State* state = new StateGetTicket();
seeFilm->SetState(state);
seeFilm->ChangeState();
seeFilm->ChangeState();
seeFilm->ChangeState();
delete seeFilm;
return 0;
}