#import <CoreText/CoreText.h> #import "ViewController.h" @interface ViewController () @property(nonatomic, weak) IBOutlet UILabel *label1; @end @implementation ViewController - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib. NSMutableAttributedString *attString = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"Some String"]; [attString addAttribute:(NSString*)kCTUnderlineStyleAttributeName value:[NSNumber numberWithInt:kCTUnderlineStyleSingle] range:(NSRange){0,[attString length]}]; self.label1.attributedText = attString; } - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning { [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated. } @end
由于iOS7新出的NSTextStorge是NSMutableAttributedString的子类,所以要用好NSTextStorage,首先要学好NSMutableAttributedString和NSAttributedString。
按个人的理解,NSAttributedString是一个带有属性的字符串,通过该类可以灵活地操作和呈现多种样式的文字数据。
因为是初步使用,所以基本上都是对照着文档上的指导和介绍的方法来写Demo。
首先是两种类的初始化方法(基本上是相似的):
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1 // initWithString: 2 NSAttributedString *attributedString_str = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"attributedString"]; 3 NSLog(@"%@", attributedString_str); 4 // textView.attributedText = attributedString_str; 5 6 7 // initWithAttributedString: 8 NSAttributedString *attributedString_atts = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithAttributedString:attributedString_str]; 9 NSLog(@"%@", attributedString_atts); 10 // textView.attributedText = attributedString_atts; 11 12 13 // initWithString:attributes: 14 UIColor *backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor]; 15 NSNumber *baseLineOffset = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:20.0]; 16 UIColor *foregroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor]; 17 NSNumber *kern = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:5.0]; 18 NSNumber *ligature = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:3.0]; 19 NSURL *linkURL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.baidu.com"]; 20 NSNumber *underline = [NSNumber numberWithInt:NSUnderlineStyleSingle]; 21 NSDictionary *attrsDic = @{NSForegroundColorAttributeName: foregroundColor, 22 NSBackgroundColorAttributeName: backgroundColor, 23 NSBaselineOffsetAttributeName: baseLineOffset, 24 NSKernAttributeName: kern, 25 NSLigatureAttributeName: ligature, 26 NSLinkAttributeName: linkURL, 27 NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName: underline 28 }; 29 NSAttributedString *attributedString_str_atts = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"http://www.baidu.com" attributes:attrsDic]; 30 NSLog(@"%@", attributedString_str_atts); 31 // textView.attributedText = attributedString_str_atts; 32 33 34 // initWithFileURL:options:documentAttributes:error: 35 NSURL *fileURL = nil; 36 fileURL = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:@"Dynamic Coloring" withExtension:@"rtf"]; 37 NSAttributedString *attributedString_fileURL = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithFileURL:fileURL options:@{} documentAttributes:nil error:nil]; 38 NSLog(@"%@", attributedString_fileURL); 39 // textView.attributedText = attributedString_fileURL; 40 41 42 // initWithData:options:documentAttributes:error: 43 fileURL = nil; 44 fileURL = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:@"View Layout" withExtension:@"rtf"]; 45 NSData *data = [[NSData alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:fileURL]; 46 NSAttributedString *attributedString_data = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithData:data options:@{} documentAttributes:nil error:nil]; 47 NSLog(@"%@", attributedString_data); 48 // textView.attributedText = attributedString_data; 49 50 51 // initWithAttributedString: 52 NSMutableAttributedString *mutableAttributedString_attrs = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithAttributedString:attributedString_fileURL];
非常简单。
由于NSAttributedString的属性以字典的形式记录,所以要弄清楚其中一些属性对应的键值:
说说几个自己使用上或者了解作用的。
NSBackgroundColorAttributeName:文字背景的颜色。
NSBaselineOffsetAttributeName:设置行距。
NSFontAttributeName:字体的样式,必须设置NSFont作为Value,NSFont在iOS中不能使用,这个属性的设置上我还不会。
NSForegroundColorAttributeName:文字颜色。
NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:为文字添加下划线。必须设置NSNumber对象为Value。如:
- NSNumber *underline = [NSNumber numberWithInt:NSUnderlineStyleSingle];
以上attribute在NSAttributedString和NSMutableAttributedString对象创建时可以设定,不同的是NSAttributedString对象在创建成功后其属性便不可改变,而NSMutableAttributedString的属性是可以改变的。如下所示:
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1 // Change NSMutableAttributedString 2 [mutableAttributedString_attrs beginEditing]; 3 /* 4 // addAttributes:range: 5 [mutableAttributedString_attrs addAttributes:@{NSLinkAttributeName: @"www.baidu.com", 6 NSBackgroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor greenColor], 7 NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName: [NSNumber numberWithInt:NSUnderlineStyleDouble] 8 } 9 range:NSMakeRange(0, [attributedString_fileURL length])]; */ 10 // addAttribute:value:range: 11 [mutableAttributedString_attrs addAttribute:NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName value:[NSNumber numberWithInt:NSUnderlineStyleThick] range:NSMakeRange(0, 10)]; 12 [mutableAttributedString_attrs addAttribute:NSBaselineOffsetAttributeName value:[NSNumber numberWithFloat:20.0] range:NSMakeRange(20, 100)]; 13 [mutableAttributedString_attrs endEditing]; 14 NSLog(@"%@", mutableAttributedString_attrs); 15
在修改文字属性的开头和结尾要分别调用beginEditing和endEditing方法,这些方法可以在文字属性发生变化时发送消息给事件监听者。
可以为某个范围内的文字单个地添加属性key-value对,也可以添加一个属性字典。
注意到在控制台输出NSAttributedString或NSMutableAttributedString时,输出的不仅是字符内容,还有对应的属性值:
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1 2013-08-11 16:40:44.737 AttributedString_i7_Demo[43468:a0b] http://www.baidu.com{ 2 NSBackgroundColor = "UIDeviceWhiteColorSpace 0 1"; 3 NSBaselineOffset = 20; 4 NSColor = "UIDeviceWhiteColorSpace 1 1"; 5 NSKern = 5; 6 NSLigature = 3; 7 NSLink = "http://www.baidu.com"; 8 NSUnderline = 1; 9 }
也可以获取某一段文字的属性:
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1 // get attribute 2 NSRange range = NSMakeRange(0, mutableAttributedString_attrs.length); 3 // attributesAtIndex:effectiveRange: 4 NSDictionary *dic = [mutableAttributedString_attrs attributesAtIndex:0 effectiveRange:&range]; 5 NSLog(@"%@", [dic objectForKey:NSFontAttributeName]);
如果要将NSMutableAttributedString对象赋值给NSAttributedString时,要使用copy方法:
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1 textView.attributedText = [mutableAttributedString_attrs copy];
以上是对NSAttributedString和NSMutableAttributedString最基本的使用(主要还是NSAttributedString),为了强化作为NSMutableAttributedString的子类NSTextStorage处理文本的能力,明显在这两个类中增加了许多新的成员,如NSTextAttachment,在这里没有用上,必须继续深入学习。
设置UITextView,UILabel 中的文字加下划线
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//添加下划线
-(NSAttributedString*) getAttributedString:(NSAttributedString*) attributedString isUnderline:(BOOL) isUnderline
{
NSNumber *valuUnderline = [NSNumbernumberWithBool:isUnderline];
NSRange rangeAll = NSMakeRange(0, attributedString.
string
.length);
NSMutableAttributedString *
as
= [attributedString mutableCopy];
[
as
beginEditing];
[
as
addAttribute:NSUnderlineStyleAttributeNamevalue:valuUnderline range:rangeAll];
[
as
endEditing];
return
as
;
}
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使用
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textView.attributedText = [self getAttributedString:_mainTextView.attributedText isUnderline:YES];
label.attributedText = [self getAttributedString:_mainTextView.attributedText isUnderline:YES];
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