目录:
- 概述
- 环境
- 代码示例
- 测试结果
[一]、概述
在系统中,经常会用到无限级递归的树形结构,比如菜单、组织机构管理、多级分类等等,一般是在同一个表中定义父子关系实现这种树形结构,本文主要讲述如何运用hibernate全注解的方式实现这个功能。
[二]、环境
- hibernate 4.1.2
- java 1.6
- mysql 5.1
[三]、代码示例
第一步:创建Entity类,并添加注解实现关联关系
ps: 主要是利用@ManyToOne 和 @OneToMany 配置在同一个Entity类中实现树形递归的结构。
TreeNode.java
1 | package com.micmiu.hibernate.anno.entity; |
3 | import java.util.LinkedHashSet; |
6 | import javax.persistence.CascadeType; |
7 | import javax.persistence.Column; |
8 | import javax.persistence.Entity; |
9 | import javax.persistence.FetchType; |
10 | import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; |
11 | import javax.persistence.Id; |
12 | import javax.persistence.JoinColumn; |
13 | import javax.persistence.ManyToOne; |
14 | import javax.persistence.OneToMany; |
15 | import javax.persistence.Table; |
23 | @Table (name = "DEMO_T_TREE_NODE" ) |
24 | public class TreeNode { |
29 | public TreeNode(String name) { |
37 | private TreeNode parent; |
39 | private Set<TreeNode> children = new LinkedHashSet<TreeNode>(); |
48 | @Column (name = "NAME" , length = 20 ) |
49 | public String getName() { |
53 | @ManyToOne (cascade = CascadeType.ALL, fetch = FetchType.EAGER) |
54 | @JoinColumn (name = "PARENT_ID" ) |
55 | public TreeNode getParent() { |
59 | @OneToMany (cascade = CascadeType.ALL, mappedBy = "parent" , fetch = FetchType.EAGER) |
60 | public Set<TreeNode> getChildren() { |
64 | public void setId( int id) { |
68 | public void setName(String name) { |
72 | public void setParent(TreeNode parent) { |
76 | public void setChildren(Set<TreeNode> children) { |
77 | this .children = children; |
第二步:创建hibernate默认配置文件:
hibernate.cfg.xml
1 | <? xml version = '1.0' encoding = 'UTF-8' ?> |
2 | <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC |
3 | "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" |
6 | < hibernate-configuration > |
10 | < property name = "dialect" >org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</ property > |
11 | < property name = "connection.driver_class" >com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</ property > |
12 | < property name = "connection.url" >jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/michaeldemo</ property > |
13 | < property name = "connection.username" >root</ property > |
14 | < property name = "connection.password" ></ property > |
16 | < property name = "show_sql" >true</ property > |
17 | < property name = "format_sql" >true</ property > |
19 | < property name = "current_session_context_class" >thread</ property > |
20 | < property name = "hbm2ddl.auto" >update</ property > |
22 | < mapping class = "com.micmiu.hibernate.anno.entity.TreeNode" /> |
25 | </ hibernate-configuration > |
第三步:创建测试文件:
HibernateAnnoTreeTest.java
1 | package com.micmiu.hibernate; |
3 | import org.hibernate.Session; |
4 | import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; |
5 | import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration; |
6 | import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry; |
7 | import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder; |
8 | import org.junit.AfterClass; |
9 | import org.junit.BeforeClass; |
12 | import com.micmiu.hibernate.anno.entity.TreeNode; |
19 | public class HibernateAnnoTreeTest { |
21 | private static SessionFactory sessionFactory; |
24 | public static void beforeClass() { |
25 | Configuration configuration = new Configuration().configure(); |
26 | ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder() |
27 | .applySettings(configuration.getProperties()) |
28 | .buildServiceRegistry(); |
29 | sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry); |
34 | public static void afterClass() { |
35 | sessionFactory.close(); |
39 | public void testTreeCRUD() { |
53 | public void testSave() { |
54 | System.out.println( "========>测试添加 start <========" ); |
55 | Session session = sessionFactory.openSession(); |
57 | session.beginTransaction(); |
58 | TreeNode rootNode = initData(); |
59 | session.save(rootNode); |
60 | session.getTransaction().commit(); |
62 | System.out.println( "========>测试添加 end <========" ); |
67 | public void testRead() { |
68 | System.out.println( "========>读取 start <========" ); |
69 | Session session = sessionFactory.openSession(); |
70 | session.beginTransaction(); |
71 | System.out.println( "-----> get root node:" ); |
72 | TreeNode rootNode = (TreeNode) session.get(TreeNode. class , 1 ); |
74 | System.out.println( "-----> 输出树形结构如下:" ); |
75 | printNode(rootNode, 0 ); |
77 | session.getTransaction().commit(); |
79 | System.out.println( "========>读取 end <========" ); |
82 | public void testUpdate() { |
85 | System.out.println( "========>测试更新 start <========" ); |
86 | Session session = sessionFactory.openSession(); |
87 | session.beginTransaction(); |
89 | System.out.println( "---> 更新节点属性" ); |
90 | TreeNode rootNode = (TreeNode) session.get(TreeNode. class , 1 ); |
91 | System.out.println( "get root node:" + rootNode.getName() |
92 | + " child size:" + rootNode.getChildren().size()); |
93 | rootNode.setName(rootNode.getName() + "(我的blog)" ); |
95 | TreeNode node_del = null ; |
96 | for (TreeNode node : rootNode.getChildren()) { |
97 | if ( "Hazel" .equals(node.getName())) { |
101 | System.out.println( "---> 删除节点(包含子节点)" ); |
102 | System.out.println( "delete node:" + node_del.getName() + " child size:" |
103 | + node_del.getChildren().size()); |
104 | node_del.setParent( null ); |
105 | rootNode.getChildren().remove(node_del); |
106 | session.delete(node_del); |
108 | System.out.println( "---> 添加节点(包含子节点)" ); |
109 | TreeNode node_add = new TreeNode( "企业应用" ); |
110 | node_add.setParent(rootNode); |
111 | rootNode.getChildren().add(node_add); |
113 | TreeNode node_add_0 = new TreeNode( "SNMP" ); |
114 | node_add_0.setParent(node_add); |
115 | node_add.getChildren().add(node_add_0); |
117 | TreeNode node_add_1 = new TreeNode( "SSO" ); |
118 | node_add_1.setParent(node_add); |
119 | node_add.getChildren().add(node_add_1); |
121 | session.update(rootNode); |
123 | System.out.println( "---> 节点下添加子节点" ); |
124 | TreeNode node_update = (TreeNode) session.get(TreeNode. class , 6 ); |
125 | TreeNode node_child_add = new TreeNode( "go(新增)" ); |
126 | System.out.println( "append child node:" + node_child_add.getName() |
127 | + " to parent node: " + node_update.getName()); |
128 | node_child_add.setParent(node_update); |
129 | node_update.getChildren().add(node_child_add); |
131 | System.out.println( "---> 节点下删除子节点" ); |
133 | TreeNode node_child_del = node_update.getChildren().iterator().next(); |
134 | System.out.println( "delete node child :" + node_child_del.getName() |
135 | + " from parent node: " + node_update.getName()); |
136 | node_update.getChildren().remove(node_child_del); |
137 | node_child_del.setParent( null ); |
138 | session.delete(node_child_del); |
140 | session.update(node_update); |
142 | session.getTransaction().commit(); |
144 | System.out.println( "========>测试更新 end <========" ); |
149 | public void testDelete() { |
152 | System.out.println( "========>测试删除 start <========" ); |
153 | Session session = sessionFactory.openSession(); |
154 | session.beginTransaction(); |
155 | TreeNode node = (TreeNode) session.get(TreeNode. class , 6 ); |
156 | System.out.println( "node:" + node.getName() + " child size:" |
157 | + node.getChildren().size()); |
158 | TreeNode childNode = node.getChildren().iterator().next(); |
159 | childNode.setParent( null ); |
160 | node.getChildren().remove(childNode); |
161 | session.delete(childNode); |
162 | System.out.println( "delete node:" + childNode.getName() |
163 | + " from parent:" + node.getName()); |
165 | session.update(node); |
166 | session.getTransaction().commit(); |
168 | System.out.println( "========>测试删除 end <========" ); |
177 | private TreeNode initData() { |
178 | TreeNode rootNode = new TreeNode( "micmiu.com" ); |
181 | TreeNode node0 = new TreeNode( "Michael" ); |
182 | node0.setParent(rootNode); |
183 | rootNode.getChildren().add(node0); |
186 | TreeNode node0_0 = new TreeNode( "J2EE" ); |
187 | node0_0.setParent(node0); |
188 | node0.getChildren().add(node0_0); |
190 | TreeNode node0_1 = new TreeNode( "SOA" ); |
191 | node0_1.setParent(node0); |
192 | node0.getChildren().add(node0_1); |
194 | TreeNode node0_2 = new TreeNode( "NoSQL" ); |
195 | node0_2.setParent(node0); |
196 | node0.getChildren().add(node0_2); |
199 | TreeNode node0_3 = new TreeNode( "编程语言" ); |
200 | node0_3.setParent(node0); |
201 | node0.getChildren().add(node0_3); |
204 | TreeNode node0_3_0 = new TreeNode( "Java" ); |
205 | node0_3_0.setParent(node0_3); |
206 | node0_3.getChildren().add(node0_3_0); |
208 | TreeNode node0_3_1 = new TreeNode( "Groovy" ); |
209 | node0_3_1.setParent(node0_3); |
210 | node0_3.getChildren().add(node0_3_1); |
212 | TreeNode node0_3_2 = new TreeNode( "javascript" ); |
213 | node0_3_2.setParent(node0_3); |
214 | node0_3.getChildren().add(node0_3_2); |
217 | TreeNode node1 = new TreeNode( "Hazel" ); |
218 | node1.setParent(rootNode); |
219 | rootNode.getChildren().add(node1); |
221 | TreeNode node1_0 = new TreeNode( "life" ); |
222 | node1_0.setParent(node1); |
223 | node1.getChildren().add(node1_0); |
225 | TreeNode node1_1 = new TreeNode( "美食" ); |
226 | node1_1.setParent(node1); |
227 | node1.getChildren().add(node1_1); |
229 | TreeNode node1_2 = new TreeNode( "旅游" ); |
230 | node1_2.setParent(node1); |
231 | node1.getChildren().add(node1_2); |
236 | private void printNode(TreeNode node, int level) { |
238 | for ( int i = 0 ; i < level; i++) { |
241 | System.out.println(preStr + node.getName()); |
242 | for (TreeNode children : node.getChildren()) { |
243 | printNode(children, level + 1 ); |
第四步:创建日志输出配置文件:
log4j.properties
1 | # Output pattern : date [thread] priority category - message |
2 | log4j.rootLogger=info, Console |
5 | log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender |
6 | log4j.appender.Console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout |
7 | log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%t] %-5p [%c] - %m%n |
9 | log4j.logger.org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl=debug |
10 | log4j.logger.org.hibernate.test=info |
[四]、测试结果
测试添加方法,输出日志如下:
========>测试添加 start <========
========>测试添加 end <========
========>读取 start <========
-----> get root node:
-----> 输出树形结构如下:
micmiu.com
|----Michael
|----|----J2EE
|----|----SOA
|----|----NoSQL
|----|----编程语言
|----|----|----Java
|----|----|----Groovy
|----|----|----javascript
|----Hazel
|----|----life
|----|----美食
|----|----旅游
========>读取 end <========
数据库中查询记录如下:
再运行测试程序中的更新方法,输出日志如下:
========>读取 start <========
-----> get root node:
-----> 输出树形结构如下:
micmiu.com
|----Michael
|----|----J2EE
|----|----SOA
|----|----NoSQL
|----|----编程语言
|----|----|----Java
|----|----|----Groovy
|----|----|----javascript
|----Hazel
|----|----life
|----|----美食
|----|----旅游
========>读取 end <========
========>测试更新 start <========
---> 更新节点属性
get root node:micmiu.com child size:2
---> 删除节点(包含子节点)
delete node:Hazel child size:3
---> 添加节点(包含子节点)
---> 节点下添加子节点
append child node:go(新增) to parent node: 编程语言
---> 节点下删除子节点
delete node child :Java from parent node: 编程语言
========>测试更新 end <========
========>读取 start <========
-----> get root node:
-----> 输出树形结构如下:
micmiu.com(我的blog)
|----Michael
|----|----J2EE
|----|----SOA
|----|----NoSQL
|----|----编程语言
|----|----|----Groovy
|----|----|----javascript
|----|----|----go(新增)
|----企业应用
|----|----SNMP
|----|----SSO
========>读取 end <========
数据库中查询记录如下:
本文介绍到此结束