ArangoDB查询语言（AQL） 基本语法&用法

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ArangoDB查询语言（AQL）类似于结构化查询语言（SQL） 在它的目的。两者都支持读取和修改集合数据，但AQL不支持数据定义操作，例如创建和删除数据库，集合和索引。

虽然有些关键字重叠，但AQL语法与SQL不同。例如，SQL WHERE和AQL FILTER子句是等效的，因为它们都定义了返回结果的条件。但是，SQL使用预定义的序列来确定WHERE语句必须在哪里出现。在AQL中，子句从左到右执行，因此FILTER查询中子句的位置决定了它的优先级。

尽管有这些差异，任何具有SQL背景的人都应该没有学习AQL的困难。

一、数据预览

本次使用的数据共有43条，每条数据包含姓氏、年龄、活动状态和特征等六个字段

其中每个特征都有一个随机字母作为文档密钥。特质标签有英文和德文。

地点由地名和经纬度组成：

二、基本的CRUD

创建集合：

在创建文档之前，需要创造一个放置它的集合，集合可以通过Web界面，arangosh或驱动程序来创建。AQL无法创建集合。

单击Web界面中的COLLECTIONS，然后单击Add Collection并键入 Charactersname。使用保存确认。新集合就出现在了列表中。

插入单个对象：

使用AQL插入文档

INSERT {
    "name": "Ned",
    "surname": "Stark",
    "alive": true,
    "age": 41,
    "traits": ["A","H","C","N","P"]
} INTO Characters

复制代码

语法：

INSERT document INTO collectionName

该文档是一个对象，由属性键和值对组成。属性键的引号在AQL中是可选的。键总是字符串，而属性值可以有不同的类型：

• null
• boolean (true, false)
• number (integer and floating point)
• string
• array
• object

批量插入对象：

AQL不允许INSERT在单个查询中针对同一集合的多个操作。但是可以使用FOR循环体，插入多个文档。

LET data = [
    { "name": "Robert", "surname": "Baratheon", "alive": false, "traits": ["A","H","C"] },
    { "name": "Jaime", "surname": "Lannister", "alive": true, "age": 36, "traits": ["A","F","B"] },
    { "name": "Catelyn", "surname": "Stark", "alive": false, "age": 40, "traits": ["D","H","C"] },
    { "name": "Cersei", "surname": "Lannister", "alive": true, "age": 36, "traits": ["H","E","F"] },
    { "name": "Daenerys", "surname": "Targaryen", "alive": true, "age": 16, "traits": ["D","H","C"] },
    { "name": "Jorah", "surname": "Mormont", "alive": false, "traits": ["A","B","C","F"] },
    { "name": "Petyr", "surname": "Baelish", "alive": false, "traits": ["E","G","F"] },
    { "name": "Viserys", "surname": "Targaryen", "alive": false, "traits": ["O","L","N"] },
    { "name": "Jon", "surname": "Snow", "alive": true, "age": 16, "traits": ["A","B","C","F"] },
    { "name": "Sansa", "surname": "Stark", "alive": true, "age": 13, "traits": ["D","I","J"] },
    { "name": "Arya", "surname": "Stark", "alive": true, "age": 11, "traits": ["C","K","L"] },
    { "name": "Robb", "surname": "Stark", "alive": false, "traits": ["A","B","C","K"] },
    { "name": "Theon", "surname": "Greyjoy", "alive": true, "age": 16, "traits": ["E","R","K"] },
    { "name": "Bran", "surname": "Stark", "alive": true, "age": 10, "traits": ["L","J"] },
    { "name": "Joffrey", "surname": "Baratheon", "alive"</