面向对象设计

• 继承 - 是基于Python中的属性查找(如X.name)
• 多态 - 在X.method方法中，method的意义取决于X的类型
• 封装 - 方法和运算符实现行为，数据隐藏默认是一种惯例

参考实例

腾讯即时通信模块,初级封装

#! /usr/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8

import random
import time


class Message(object): def __init__(self, msgarr=[], toacc=''): self.msgbody = msgarr # 此处为MsgDict对象实例的列表或者空列表 self.toacc = toacc # toacc为字符串(单发)或者列表(批量发) self.msgrandom = random.randint(1, 1000000000) self.msgrequest = { 'To_Account': toacc, # 消息接收方账号 'MsgRandom': self.msgrandom, # 消息随机数，由随机函数产生 'MsgBody': [t.msg for t in msgarr] } def del_option(self, option): if option in (set(self.msgrequest)-set(['To_Account', 'MsgRandom', 'MsgBody'])): self.__dict__.pop(option) self.msgrequest.pop(option) def append_msg(self, msg): self.msgbody.append(msg) self.msgrequest['MsgBody'].append(msg.msg) def insert_msg(self, index, msg): self.msgbody.insert(index, msg) self.msgrequest['MsgBody'].insert(msg.msg) def del_msg(self, index): if index in range(len(self.msgbody)): del self.msgbody[index] del sel.msgrequest['MsgBody'][index] def set_from(self, fromacc): # 指定消息的发送方，默认为服务器发送 self.fromacc = fromacc self.msgrequest['From_Account'] = fromacc def set_to(self, toacc): # 指定消息的接收方，可以为String(单发),可以为List(批量发送) self.toacc = toacc self.msgrequest['To_Account'] = toacc def refresh_random(self): self.msgrandom = random.randint(1, 1000000000) self.msgrequest['MsgRandom'] = self.msgrandom, # 消息随机数，由随机函数产生 def set_sync(self, sync): # 同步选项：1, 把消息同步到From_Account在线终端和漫游上 # 2, 消息不同步至From_Account # 若不填写，默认情况下会将消息同步 # 仅在单发单聊消息中可调用 self.sync = sync self.msgrequest['SyncOtherMachine'] = sync def set_timestamp(self): # 设置消息时间戳，unix时间, 仅在单发单聊消息中可以调用 self.timestamp = int(time.time()) self.msgrequest['MsgTimeStamp'] = self.timestamp def set_offlinepush(self, pushflag=0, desc='', ext='', sound=''): # 仅适用于APNa推送，不适用于安卓厂商推送 self.msgrequest['OfflinePushInfo'] = { 'PushFlag': pushflag, 'Desc': desc, 'Ext': ext, 'Sound': sound } class MsgDict(object): def __init__(self, msgtype='', msgcontent={}): self.msgtype = msgtype self.msgcontent = msgcontent  @property def msg(self): return { 'MsgType': self.msgtype, 'MsgContent': self.msgcontent } def set_content(self, content): self.msgcontent = content class TextMsg(MsgDict): def __init__(self, text='', msgtype='TIMTextElem'): self.text = text content = {'Text': text} super(TextMsg, self).__init__(msgtype=msgtype, msgcontent=content) def set_text(self, text): self.text = text self.msgcontent['Text'] = text class LocationMsg(MsgDict): def __init__(self, desc='', latitude=0, longitude=0, msgtype='TIMLocationElem'): self.desc = desc self.latitude = latitude self.longitude = longitude content = { 'Desc': desc, # 地理位置描述信息, String 'Latitude': latitude, # 纬度, Number 'Longitude': longitude # 经度, Number } super(LocationMsg, self).__init__(msgtype=msgtype, msgcontent=content) def set_desc(self, desc): self.desc = desc self.msgcontent['Desc'] = desc def set_location(self, latitude, longitude): self.latitude = latitude self.longitude = longitude self.msgcontent['Latitude'] = latitude self.msgcontent['Longitude'] = longitude def set_latitude(self, latitude): self.latitude = latitude self.msgcontent['Latitude'] = latitude def set_longitude(self, longitude): self.longitude = longitude self.msgcontent['Longitude'] = longitude class FaceMsg(MsgDict): def __init__(self, index=1, data='', msgtype='TIMFaceElem'): self.index = index self.data = data content = { 'Index': index, # 表情索引，用户自定义, Number 'Data': data # 额外数据, String } super(TextMsg, self).__init__(msgtype=msgtype, msgcontent=content) def set_index(self, index): self.index = index self.msgcontent['Index'] = index def set_data(self, data): self.data = data self.msgcontent['Data'] = data class CustomMsg(MsgDict): def __init__(self, data='', desc='', ext='', sound='', msgtype='TIMCustomElem'): self.data = data self.desc = desc self.ext = ext self.sound = sound content = { 'Data': data, # 自定义消息数据。不作为APNS的payload中字段下发，故从payload中无法获取Data字段, String 'Desc': desc, # 自定义消息描述，当接收方为iphone后台在线时，做ios离线Push时文本展示 'Ext': ext, # 扩展字段，当接收方为ios系统且应用处在后台时，此字段作为APNS请求包Payloads中的ext键值下发，Ext的协议格式由业务方确定，APNS只做透传 'Sound': sound # 自定义APNS推送铃声 } super(CustomMsg, self).__init__(msgtype=msgtype, msgcontent=content) def set_data(self, data): self.data = data self.msgcontent['Data'] = data def set_desc(self, desc): self.desc = desc self.msgcontent['Desc'] = desc def set_ext(self, ext): self.ext = ext self.msgcontent['Ext'] = ext def set_sound(self, sound): self.sound = sound self.msgcontent['Sound'] = sound 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/jyue/p/10481036.html