存储过程和存储函数
MySQL的存储过程(stored procedure)和函数(stored function)统称为stored routines。
1.存储过程和函数的区别
函数只能通过return语句返回单个值或者表对象。而存储过程不允许执行return,但是通过out参数返回多个值。 函数是可以嵌入在sql中使用的,可以在select中调用,而存储过程不行。
函数限制比较多,比如不能用临时表,只能用表变量.还有一些函数都不可用等等.而存储过程的限制相对就比较少
一般来说,存储过程实现的功能要复杂一点,而函数的实现的功能针对性比较强。
当存储过程和函数被执行的时候,SQL Manager会到procedure cache中去取相应的查询语句,如果在procedure cache里没有相应的查询语句,SQL Manager就会对存储过程和函数进行编译。
Procedure cache中保存的是执行计划 (execution plan) ,当编译好之后就执行procedure cache中的execution plan,之后SQL SERVER会根据每个execution plan的实际情况来考虑是否要在cache中保存这个plan,评判的标准一个是这个execution plan可能被使用的频率;其次是生成这个plan的代价,也就是编译的耗时。保存在cache中的plan在下次执行时就不用再编译了。
2.创建存储过程和函数例句(自己实际场景中使用的)
存储过程
为了避免存储SQL中分号冲突,使用DELIMITER &&将MySQL结束符设置为&&,最后用DELIMITER ;恢复回来
注意 DELIMITER &&和DELIMITER ;之间的空格,不能省略,否则不会生效
注意 最后的END使用&&结束
DELIMITER&&
CREATE PROCEDURE `history_order_user`(OUT history_order_count int, OUT history_order_user int, OUT pay_again_user_count int)BEGIN
select count(*) INTO history_order_count from t_payment_reckoning where pay_status=1;select count(distinct(openid)) INTO history_order_user from t_payment_reckoning where pay_status=1;select count(*) INTO pay_again_user_count from (select openid as mac from t_payment_reckoning where pay_status=1 group by openid having count(openid)>1 order by count(openid) desc) astable1;END &&DELIMITER ;
存储函数
注意 最后的END使用&&结束
DELIMITER&&
CREATE FUNCTION `record_auto_update`(dayIndex varchar(4)) RETURNS varchar(11) CHARSET utf8 READS SQL DATA DETERMINISTICBEGIN
SET @dateS = date_add(curdate(), interval dayIndex day);SET @dateE = date_add(@dateS, interval 1 day);
#获取日期作为统计IDSET @id = DATE_FORMAT(@dateS,'%y%m%d');
#分别查询4种支付类型订单总数和订单总额SELECT COUNT(*),SUM(amount) INTO @WapWeixinCount,@WapWeixinAmount FROM t_payment_reckoning WHERE payment_type="WapWeixin" AND paid_at>@dateS AND paid_at@dateS AND paid_at@dateS AND paid_at@dateS AND paid_at
#如果某种支付类型没有订单,会导致SUM(amount)为空IF @WapWeixinAmount IS NULL THEN SET @WapWeixinAmount = 0; END IF;IF @WapAlipayAmount IS NULL THEN SET @WapAlipayAmount = 0; END IF;IF @PcWeixinAmount IS NULL THEN SET @PcWeixinAmount = 0; END IF;IF @PcAlipayAmount IS NULL THEN SET @PcAlipayAmount = 0; END IF;
#将4种支付类型累计SET @todayCount = @WapWeixinCount+@WapAlipayCount+@PcWeixinCount+@PcAlipayCount;SET @todayAmount = @WapWeixinAmount+@WapAlipayAmount+@PcWeixinAmount+@PcAlipayAmount;
#拼接4种类型的详细信息SET @todayInfo =CONCAT(
"{'WapWeixin':{'count':",@WapWeixinCount,",'amount':",@WapWeixinAmount,"},'WapAlipay':{'count':",@WapAlipayCount,",'amount':",@WapAlipayAmount,
"},'PcWeixin':{'count':",@PcWeixinCount,",'amount':",@PcWeixinAmount,"},'PcAlipay':{'count':",@PcAlipayCount,",'amount':",@PcAlipayAmount,"}}"
);
#判断是新增还是更新SELECT COUNT(*) INTO @idExist FROM t_payment_record WHERE id=@id;IF @idExist>0 THEN
UPDATE t_payment_record SET count=@todayCount,amount=@todayAmount,info=@todayInfo,updated_at=CURRENT_TIMESTAMP WHERE id=@id;RETURN "update";ELSE
INSERT INTO t_payment_record (id,count,amount,info,created_at,updated_at) VALUE (@id,@todayCount,@todayAmount,@todayInfo,CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,CURRENT_TIMESTAMP);RETURN "insert";END IF;END &&DELIMITER ;
3.查询存储过程和函数的状态,定义
SHOW {PROCEDURE|FUNCTION} STAUS [LIKE '名称'];
SHOW CREATE {PROCEDURE|FUNCTION} '名称';
4.删除存储过程和函数
DROP {PROCEDURE|FUNCTION} '名称';