参考:http://wenku.baidu.com/view/577f4d49cf84b9d528ea7a6f.html //这个讲的很详细
引用自:http://chenling1018.blog.163.com/blog/static/14802542007112944944177/
--exists (sql 返回结果集,为真)
--not exists (sql 不返回结果集,为真)
--如下:
--表A
ID NAME
1 A1
2 A2
3 A3
-- 表B
ID AID NAME
1 1 B1
2 2 B2
3 2 B3
-- 表A和表B是1对多的关系 A.ID => B.AID
SELECT ID,NAME FROM A WHERE EXIST ( SELECT * FROM B WHERE A.ID = B.AID)
-- 执行结果为
1 A1
2 A2
-- 原因可以按照如下分析
SELECT ID,NAME FROM A WHERE EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM B WHERE B.AID = 1 )
-- -> SELECT * FROM B WHERE B.AID=1有值,返回真,所以有数据
SELECT ID,NAME FROM A WHERE EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM B WHERE B.AID = 2 )
-- -> SELECT * FROM B WHERE B.AID=2有值,返回真,所以有数据
SELECT ID,NAME FROM A WHERE EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM B WHERE B.AID = 3 )
-- -> SELECT * FROM B WHERE B.AID=3无值,返回假,所以没有数据
--NOT EXISTS 就是反过来
SELECT ID,NAME FROM A WHERE NOT EXIST (SELECT * FROM B WHERE A.ID=B.AID)
--执行结果为
3 A3
===========================================================================
--EXISTS = IN,意思相同不过语法上有点点区别,好像使用IN效率要差点,应该是不会执行索引的原因
SELECT ID,NAME FROM A WHERE ID IN (SELECT AID FROM B)
--NOT EXISTS = NOT IN ,意思相同不过语法上有点点区别
SELECT ID,NAME FROM A WHERE ID NOT IN (SELECT AID FROM B)