cbrt c语音_多态性（C语言）

I'm trying to better understand the idea of polymorphism with examples from languages I know;

is there polymorphism in C?

解决方案

This is Nekuromento's second example, factored in the way I consider idiomatic for object-oriented C:

animal.h

#ifndef ANIMAL_H_

#define ANIMAL_H_

struct animal

{

// make vtable_ a pointer so they can be shared between instances

// use _ to mark private members

const struct animal_vtable_ *vtable_;

const char *name;

};

struct animal_vtable_

{

const char *(*sound)(void);

};

// wrapper function

static inline const char *animal_sound(struct animal *animal)

{

return animal->vtable_->sound();

}

// make the vtables arrays so they can be used as pointers

extern const struct animal_vtable_ CAT[], DOG[];

#endif

cat.c

#include "animal.h"

static const char *sound(void)

{

return "meow!";

}

const struct animal_vtable_ CAT[] = { { sound } };

dog.c

#include "animal.h"

static const char *sound(void)

{

return "arf!";

}

const struct animal_vtable_ DOG[] = { { sound } };

main.c

#include "animal.h"

#include

int main(void)

{

struct animal kitty = { CAT, "Kitty" };

struct animal lassie = { DOG, "Lassie" };

printf("%s says %s\n", kitty.name, animal_sound(&kitty));

printf("%s says %s\n", lassie.name, animal_sound(&lassie));

return 0;

}

This is an example of runtime polymorphism as that's when method resolution happens.

C1x added generic selections, which make compile-time polymorphism via macros possible. The following example is taken from the C1x April draft, section 6.5.1.1 §5:

#define cbrt(X) _Generic((X), \

long double: cbrtl, \

default: cbrt, \

float: cbrtf \

)(X)

Type-generic macros for math functions were already available in C99 via the header tgmath.h, but there was no way for users to define their own macros without using compiler extensions.