Below are two faulty programs. Each includes a test case that results in failure.Answer the following questions (in the next slide) about each program.
public int findLast (int[] x, int y) {
//Effects: If x==null throw
NullPointerException
// else return the index of the last element
// in x that equals y.
// If no such element exists, return -1
for (int i=x.length-1; i > 0; i--)
{
if (x[i] == y)
{
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
// test: x=[2, 3, 5]; y = 2
// Expected = 0
Answer:
- fault: i>0 should be i>=0
- a test case that does not execute the fault:
x=[ ]; y =2 Expected: NullPointerException Actual: NullPointerException
3. a test case that executes the fault, but does not result in an error state:
x=[2,3,5]; y=3 Expected:1 Actual: 1
4. a test case that results in an error, but not a failure:
x=[2,3,5]; y=4 Expected:-1 Actual: -1
public static int lastZero (int[] x) {
//Effects: if x==null throw
NullPointerException
// else return the index of the LAST 0 in x.
// Return -1 if 0 does not occur in x
for (int i = 0; i < x.length; i++)
{
if (x[i] == 0)
{
return i;
}
} return -1;
}
// test: x=[0, 1, 0]
// Expected = 2
Answer:
1. fault: for (int i = 0; i < x.length; i++) should be for (int i = x.length-1; i >=0; i--)
2. a test case that does not execute the fault:
x=[ ]; Expected: NullPointerException Actual: NullPointerException
3. a test case that executes the fault, but does not result in an error state:
x=[0]; Expected:0 Actual: 0
4. a test case that results in an error, but not a failure:
x=[2,3,5]; Expected:-1 Actual: -1