Spring官网 (https://spring.io/projects/spring-batch#overview )对Spring Batch的解释:
一个轻量级的、全面的批处理框架,用于开发对企业系统的日常操作至关重要的健壮批处理应用程序。
Spring Batch提供了处理大量记录所必需的可重用功能,包括日志/跟踪、事务管理、作业处理统计信息、
作业重启、跳过和资源管理。它还提供了更高级的技术服务和特性,这些特性将通过优化和分区技术支持极高
容量和高性能的批处理作业。无论简单还是复杂,大容量批处理作业都可以以高度可伸缩的方式利用框架来处
理大量信息。
Features(特性):
- Transaction management 事务管理
- Chunk based processing 基于块的处理
- Declarative I/O声明式I / O
- Start/Stop/Restart 启动/停止/启动
- Retry/Skip 重试/跳过
- Web based administration interface (Spring Cloud Data Flow) 基于Web的管理接口(Spring Cloud Data Flow)
Spring batch主要有以下部分组成:
- JobRepository 用来注册job的容器
- JobLauncher 用来启动Job的接口
- Job 实际执行的任务,包含一个或多个Step
- Step step包含ItemReader、ItemProcessor和ItemWriter
- ItemReader 用来读取数据的接口
- ItemProcessor 用来处理数据的接口
- ItemWriter 用来输出数据的接口
一个Job有一个或多个Step组成,Step有读、处理、写三部分操作组成;通过JobLauncher启动Job,启动时从
JobRepository获取Job Execution;
当前运行的Job及Step的结果及状态保存在JobRepository中。
下面是Springboot集成Spring Batch 的 一个Demo:
1.在idea下新建一个springboot项目
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.example</groupId> <artifactId>springbatch</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>springbatch</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.h2database</groupId> <artifactId>h2</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-batch</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
ItemReader
public class Reader implements ItemReader<String> { private String[] messages = { "篮球之神 Michael Jordan", "欢迎来到batch示例 Welcome to Spring Batch Example", "The more time goes by,The more life happens" }; private int count = 0; @Override public String read() throws Exception, UnexpectedInputException, ParseException, NonTransientResourceException{ if(count<messages.length){ return messages[count++]; }else{ count=0; } return null; }
ItemProcessor
public class Processor implements ItemProcessor<String,String> { @Override public String process(String data) throws Exception{ return data.toUpperCase(); } }
ItemWriter
public class Writer implements ItemWriter<String> { @Override public void write(List<? extends String> messages) throws Exception{ for(String msg:messages){ System.out.println("输出信息:"+ msg); } } }
Listener
public class JobCompletionListener extends JobExecutionListenerSupport { @Override public void beforeJob(JobExecution jobExecution){ if(jobExecution.getStatus()== BatchStatus.STARTED){ System.out.println("批处理执行开始...."); } } @Override public void afterJob(JobExecution jobExecution){ if(jobExecution.getStatus()== BatchStatus.COMPLETED){ System.out.println("批处理执行结束...."); } } }
Config
@Configuration public class BatchConfig { @Autowired public JobBuilderFactory jobBuilderFactory; @Autowired public StepBuilderFactory stepBuilderFactory; @Bean public Job processJob(){ return jobBuilderFactory.get("processJob") .incrementer(new RunIdIncrementer()).listener(listener()) .flow(orderStep1()).end().build(); } @Bean public Step orderStep1() { return stepBuilderFactory.get("orderStep1").<String, String> chunk(1) .reader(new Reader()).processor(new Processor()) .writer(new Writer()).build(); } @Bean public JobExecutionListener listener() { return new JobCompletionListener(); } }
Controller
@RestController @EnableScheduling public class JobInvokerController { @Autowired JobLauncher jobLauncher; @Autowired Job processJob; //每20秒执行一次 @Scheduled(cron = "*/20 * * * * * ") public void handle() throws Exception { JobParameters jobParameters = new JobParametersBuilder().addLong("time", System.currentTimeMillis()) .toJobParameters(); jobLauncher.run(processJob, jobParameters); } }
启动项目:每20秒执行一次批处理
代码地址:https://github.com/liuchunbo24/Springboot-SpringBatch-Demo