引用类型和值类型复习

 

 

• 典型引用类型与值类型的例子:

 class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Patient patientOne = new Patient();
            Patient PatientSecond = patientOne;
            patientOne.x = 10;
            patientOne.y = 20;
            Console.WriteLine("struct  patientOne.x,patientOne.y分别为{0},{1}", patientOne.x, patientOne.y);
            //结果为10,20
            Console.WriteLine("struct  patientSecond.x,patientSecond.y分别为{0},{1}", PatientSecond.x, PatientSecond.y);
            //结果为0,0 因为是值类型,赋值时通过复制拷贝一份值的方式传值,传值完后,其中一方的修改与另一方无关
           
            Person p1 = new Person();
            Person p2 = p1;
            p1.x = 10;
            p1.y = 20;
            Console.WriteLine("class p1.x,p1.y分别为{0},{1}", p1.x, p1.y);
            Console.WriteLine("calss p2.x,p2.y分别为{0},{1}", p2.x, p2.y);
            //结果都是10,20,因为是引用类型,赋值时通过复制引用即指向堆中的内存地址,二者指向同一内存,可理解为共享数据.
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
    struct Patient
    {
       public int x;
       public int y;
    }
    class Person
    {
       public int x;
       public int y;
    }

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图解:

• 引用类型参数与值类型参数的差别

   class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Patient patientOne = new Patient();
            patientOne.life = "我生病了";
            SeeDoctor(patientOne);
            Console.WriteLine("struct类型的patientOne的状态为:{0}",patientOne.life);

            Person person = new Person();
            person.life = "我生病了";
            SeeDoctor(person);
            Console.WriteLine("class类型的person的状态为:{0}", person.life);
            Console.ReadKey();

            string s = "123";
            string s1 = "123";
        }
        public static void SeeDoctor(Patient p)
        {
            p.life = "我的病好了";
        }
        public static void SeeDoctor(Person p)
        {
            p.life = "我的病好了";
        }
    }
    struct Patient
    {
       public string life;     
    }
    class Person
    {
        public string life;
    }

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 (注明:patientOne变量是在Main方法的线程栈上,p变量是在SeeDoctor方法的线程栈上)

例二的结构体图解:

说明:

例二中的类图解:

说明:

• 引用类型string的拘留池

 class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            string s = "123";
            string s1 = "123";//通过调试发现,s和s1指向同一内存拘留池
            //.netFramework做的优化,字符串相同,一般对应的变量指向同一内存.

            char[] chs = new char[] { 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd' };
            string s2 = new string(chs);
            string s3 = new string(chs);//通过调试发现.s2和s3没有指向同一内存

            string kong = "";
            string nul = null;//通过调试发现kong指向一个内存,而nul指向的内存地址为0x0000即没有分配内存
        }
    }

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通过调试,发现以上代码中各变量的内存地址为:

老师说代码:string str="";.最好的写法为string str=string.empty;.但是我调试后发现:

   static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            string a= "";
            string b = "";
            string c = string.Empty;
            string d = string.Empty;
        }

四个变量都指向同一内存地址,不知道为什么老师说,string str=string.empty写法可以优化内存?

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/tobecabbage/p/3452418.html