Perst嵌入式数据库应用小结

PERST这种嵌入式数据库的概念与我们常用的关系数据库有些不同.
讲讲它的用法
首先定义一个类,其结构与数据表结构一样,继承于Persistent.
比如:

public  Class : Persistent
{
   int  _id;
   public   int  ID
  { 
    get  { return  _id;}
    set  {_id  =  value;}
  }
   string  _name;
   public   string  Name
  { 
    get  { return  _id;}
    set  {_id  =  value;}
  }
}

然后再给此类定义一个索引类,继承于Persistent

public   class  ClassRoot : Persistent
 {
   internal  Index IdInex;
   internal  FieldIndex NameIndex;
 }

再要调用数据库的地方打开数据库,方法如下 :

Perst.Storage storage  =  Perst.StorageFactory.Instance.CreateStorage();
   storage.Open( " 保存数据文件路径 " , 32   *   1024   *   1024 );
   Perst.ClassRoot root = (Perst.ClassRoot)storage.Root;
    if  (root == null )
   {
    root = new  ClassRoot();
    root.IdInex = storage.CreateIndex( typeof ( int ), true );  // 创建一个索引
    root.XmIndex = storage.CreateFieldIndex( typeof (Class), " Name " , false );  // 创建一个文件索引,类型,字段,是否唯一
    storage.Root = root;
   }
    return  storage;


}

插入數據方法如下:

public   void  Insert()
{ 
Storage storage   =  OpenDataBase();  // 打开数据库

ClassRoot root  =  (ClassRoot)storage.Root;  // 指定接口的索引类型

Class  class   =   new  Class();

class .ID  =   1 ;

class .Name  =   " 1 " ;

root.IdIndex.Put( class .ID, class );

root.NameIndex.Put( class );

storage.Commit();  // 执行操作，假如操作失败则恢复到操作之前的状态
storage.Close();  // 关闭数据连接

}

 

下面是删除操作：

public   void  Delete()

{

Storage storage   =  OpenDataBase();  // 打开数据库

ClassRoot root  =  (ClassRoot)storage.Root;  // 指定接口的索引类型

Class  class   =   new  Class();  // 这时class则是已知的将要删除的对象

class .ID  =   1 ;

class .Name  =   " 1 " ;

root.IdIndex.Remove( class .ID, class );

root.NameIndex.Remove( class );

storage.Commit();  // 执行操作，假如操作失败则恢复到操作之前的状态
storage.Close();  // 关闭数据连接

}

  

 

下面是更新操作的Set()方法，使用set方法时，假如更新的对象存在则执行更新，否则就执行插入操作。

public   void  Update()

{

Storage storage   =  OpenDataBase();  // 打开数据库

ClassRoot root  =  (ClassRoot)storage.Root;  // 指定接口的索引类型

Class  class   =   new  Class();  // 这时class则是已知的要更新的对象

class .ID  =   1 ;

class .Name  =   " 1 " ;

root.IdIndex.Set( class .ID, class );

root.NameIndex.Set( class );

storage.Commit();  // 执行操作，假如操作失败则恢复到操作之前的状态
storage.Close();  // 关闭数据连接

}

 

下面就是查询操作了。对于查询出来的对象可以用foreach循环来提取。

 

public  Class Select()

{

Storage storage   =  OpenDataBase();  // 打开数据库

ClassRoot root  =  (ClassRoot)storage.Root;  // 指定接口的索引类型
Class  class   =   new  Class();
foreach  (Class c  in  root.IdIndex.Select( typeof (Class), " ID = 1 " )) // 参数：查询表的类型，查询的谓词
{
   Response.Write(c.ID  +   " __ "   +  c.Name);
class   =  c;
}
storage.Commit();  // 执行操作，假如操作失败则恢复到操作之前的状态
storage.Close();  // 关闭数据连接

return   class ;

}

上面是Perst數據庫的一種方法,它是一個文件一個數據表的

下面再介紹一種方法,Database类,它是直接对数据库进行操作,而且一个数据文件里可以存放多张表

1.首先一样先打开数据库 

using  Perst;

public  Database OpenDatabase()
  {
   Storage storage = StorageFactory.Instance.CreateStorage();
   s.Open( " 数据文件路径 " );
   Database db =   new  Database(storage);  // 创建操作数据库的对象

    db.CreateTable( typeof (Class));  // 创建class类型的表,成功返回TRUE,如果存在返回FALSE;
    db.CreateIndex( typeof (Class), " ID " , true );  // 创建索引参数：类型，对应字段，是否唯一
       return  db;
  }

 

Database类插入数据:

public   void  Insert()

{

Database db  =  OpenDatabase();

Class c  =   new  Class();

c.ID  =   1 ;

c.Name  =   " 1 " ;

db.AddRecord( typeof (Class),c);  // 插入操作 参数：插入表的类型，插入对象

db.Storage.Commit();
db.Storage.Close();

}

Database

类删除数据：

public   void  Delete()

{

Database db  =  OpenDatabase();

Class c =   new  Class();  // 已知的对象

c.ID  =   1 ;

c.Name  =   " 1 " ;

db.DeleteRecord( typeof (Class),c);  // 删除操作 参数：删除表的类型，删除对象

db.Storage.Commit();
db.Storage.Close();

}

Database类查询数据：

 

public   void  Select()

{

Database db  =  OpenDatabase();

Class  class   =   new  Class(); 

foreach  (Class c  in  db.Select( typeof (Class), " ID =1 " );

{

    class   =  c;

}

db.Storage.Commit();
db.Storage.Close();

}

  小結:

有一个Query类，这是跟查询有关的，应该还有一些让查询更丰富的方法。除了这些基本的，Perst还提供了事务，使用非常简单，只要把操作写在事务start和事务end之间就可以了。
     小项目可以考虑使用perst，至少不用考虑数据库的部署和安全了。
下面是PERST自带的SAMPLE,一看就知道用法了

    

public   class  Supplier : Persistent 
    {
         public   string  name;
         public   string  location;
         public  Link   shipments;
    }

     public   class  Detail : Persistent 
    {
         public   string  id;
         public   float   weight;
         public  Link   shipments;
    }

     public   class  Shipment : Persistent 
    { 
         public  Supplier supplier;
         public  Detail   detail;
         public   int       quantity;
         public   long      price;
    }


     static   void  skip( string  prompt) 
    {
        Console.Write(prompt);
        Console.ReadLine();
    }

     static  String input( string  prompt)
    {
         while  ( true )
        {
            Console.Write(prompt);
            String line  =  Console.ReadLine().Trim();
             if  (line.Length  !=   0 ) 
            { 
                 return  line;
            }
        }
    }

     static   long  inputLong( string  prompt) 
    { 
         while  ( true ) 
        { 
             try  
            { 
                 return  Int32.Parse(input(prompt));
            } 
             catch  (FormatException) 
            { 
                Console.WriteLine( " Invalid integer constant " );
            }
        }
    }

     static   double  inputDouble( string  prompt) 
    { 
         while  ( true ) 
        { 
             try  
            { 
                 return  Double.Parse(input(prompt));
            } 
             catch  (FormatException) 
            { 
                Console.WriteLine( " Invalid floating point constant " );
            }
        }
    }

     static   public   void  Main(String[] args) 
    { 
        Storage storage  =  StorageFactory.Instance.CreateStorage();
        storage.Open( " testssd2.dbs " );
        Database db  =   new  Database(storage);

        db.CreateTable( typeof (Supplier));
        db.CreateIndex( typeof (Supplier),  " name " ,  true );
        db.CreateTable( typeof (Detail));
        db.CreateIndex( typeof (Detail),  " id " ,  true );
        db.CreateTable( typeof (Shipment));

        Query supplierQuery  =  db.Prepare( typeof (Supplier),  " name like ? " );
        Query detailQuery  =  db.Prepare( typeof (Detail),  " id like ? " );


         while  ( true ) 
        { 
             try  
            { 
                 switch  (( int )inputLong( " -------------------------------------\n "   +  
                     " Menu:\n "   +  
                     " 1. Add supplier\n "   +  
                     " 2. Add detail\n "   +  
                     " 3. Add shipment\n "   +  
                     " 4. List of suppliers\n "   +  
                     " 5. List of details\n "   +  
                     " 6. Suppliers of detail\n "   +  
                     " 7. Details shipped by supplier\n "   +  
                     " 8. Exit\n\n>> " ))
                {
                     case   1 :   // 普通數據插入
                    {
                        Supplier supplier  =   new  Supplier();
                        supplier.name  =  input( " Supplier name:  " );
                        supplier.location  =  input( " Supplier location:  " );
                        supplier.shipments  =  storage.CreateLink();
                        db.AddRecord(supplier);
                        storage.Commit();
                         continue ;
                    }
                     case   2 :   // 普通的數據插入
                    {
                        Detail detail  =   new  Detail();
                        detail.id  =  input( " Detail id:  " );
                        detail.weight  =  ( float )inputDouble( " Detail weight:  " );
                        detail.shipments  =  storage.CreateLink();
                        db.AddRecord(detail);
                        storage.Commit();
                         continue ;
                    }
                     case   3 :     // 以下演示了表之间的关联
                    {
                        Shipment shipment  =   null ;
                         foreach  (Supplier supplier  in  db.Select( typeof (Supplier),  " name=' "   +  input( " Supplier name:  " )  +   " ' " ))
                        {
                             foreach  (Detail detail  in  db.Select( typeof (Detail),  " id=' "   +  input( " Detail ID:  " )  +   " ' " ))
                            {
                                shipment  =   new  Shipment();
                                shipment.quantity  =  ( int )inputLong( " Shipment quantity:  " );
                                shipment.price  =  inputLong( " Shipment price:  " );
                                shipment.detail  =  detail;
                                shipment.supplier  =  supplier;
                                detail.shipments.Add(shipment);
                                supplier.shipments.Add(shipment);
                                db.AddRecord(shipment);
                                storage.Commit();
                            }
                        }
                         if  (shipment  ==   null ) 
                        { 
                            Console.WriteLine( " Supplier+Detail not found " );
                        }
                         continue ;
                    }
                     case   4 : // 普通的查询 
                         foreach  (Supplier supplier  in  db.GetRecords( typeof (Supplier))) 
                        { 
                            Console.WriteLine( " Supplier name:  "   +  supplier.name  +   " , supplier.location:  "   +  supplier.location);
                        }
                         break ;
                     case   5 :
                         foreach  (Detail detail  in  db.GetRecords( typeof (Detail))) 
                        {
                            Console.WriteLine( " Detail ID:  "   +  detail.id  +   " , detail.weight:  "   +  detail.weight);
                        }
                         break ;
                     case   6 : // 使用QUERY类查询 
                    {
                        Hashtable result  =   new  Hashtable();
                        detailQuery[ 1 ]  =  input( " Detail ID:  " );
                         foreach  (Detail detail  in  detailQuery.Execute(db.GetRecords( typeof (Detail)))) 
                        {
                             foreach  (Shipment shipment  in  detail.shipments)
                            {
                                result[shipment.supplier]  =  shipment;
                            }
                        }
                         foreach  (Supplier supplier  in  result.Keys) 
                        {
                            Console.WriteLine( " Suppplier name:  "   +  supplier.name);
                        }
                         break ;
                    }
                     case   7 :
                    {
                        Hashtable result  =   new  Hashtable();
                        supplierQuery[ 1 ]  =  input( " Supplier name:  " );
                         foreach  (Supplier supplier  in  supplierQuery.Execute(db.GetRecords( typeof (Supplier)))) 
                        {
                             foreach  (Shipment shipment  in  supplier.shipments)
                            {
                                result[shipment.detail]  =  shipment;
                            }
                        }
                         foreach  (Detail detail  in  result.Keys) 
                        {
                            Console.WriteLine( " Detail ID:  "   +  detail.id);
                        }
                         break ;
                    }
                     case   8 :
                        storage.Close();
                         return ;
                }
                skip( " Press ENTER to continue " );
            } 
             catch  (StorageError x) 
            { 
                Console.WriteLine( " Error:  "   +  x.Message);
                skip( " Press ENTER to continue " );
            }
        }
    }

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/zzyyll2/archive/2007/09/07/885149.html