结构体

1.访问结构字段，点表示法，用  .   运算符

2.typedef为结构创建别名，用typedef定义结构时可以省略结构名

例如：

1 typedef struct cell_phone
2 {
3     int cell_no;
4     const char *wallpaper;
5     float minutes_of_charge;
6 }phone;// struct cell_phone是结构名，phone是类型名（别名），有了别名可以不写结构名
7 phone p = {5557879,"s.png",1.35}; 

3.想把结构传给函数并在函数中更新他的值，需要使用结构指针

4.(*t).age = t->age 才有效

   *t.age = *(t.age) 并无实际意义

练习一：结构体

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 
 3 struct exercise
 4 {
 5     const char *description;
 6     float duration;
 7 };
 8 struct meal
 9 {
10     const char *ingredient;
11     float weight;
12 };
13 struct preferences
14 {
15     struct meal food;//结构体中的结构 struct meal 是新结构体，food是名称
16     struct exercise exercise;
17 };
18 
19 
20 struct fish
21 {
22     const char *name;//注意定义字符串的两种方法
23     const char species[20];
24     int teeth;
25     int age;
26     struct preferences care;
27 };//定义结构体后记得加分号
28 
29 void catalog(struct fish f)
30 {
31     printf("%s is a %s with %i teeth. He is %i\n",f.name,f.species,f.teeth,f.age);
32 }
33 void label(struct fish f)
34 {
35     printf("Name:%s\n Species:%s\n %i years old,%i teeth\n",f.name,f.species,f.teeth,f.age);
36     printf("Feed with %2.2f lbs of %s and allow to %s for %2.2f hours\n",
37         f.care.food.weight,f.care.food.ingredient,
38         f.care.exercise.description,f.care.exercise.duration);
39 }
40 
41 int main()
42 {
43     struct fish snappy = {"Snappy","Piranha",69,4,{{"meat",0.2},{"swim in the jacuzzi",7.5}} };
44     catalog(snappy);
45     label(snappy);
46     return 0;
47 }

练习二：typedef的运用

#include <stdio.h>

typedef struct
{
    float tank_capacity;
    int tank_psi;
    const char *suit_material;
}equipment;

typedef struct scuba
{
    const char *name;
    equipment kit;
}driver;

void badge(driver d)
{
    printf("Name:%s Tank:%2.2f(%i) Suit:%s\n",d.name,d.kit.tank_capacity,d.kit.tank_psi,d.kit.suit_material);
}

int main()
{
    driver randy = {"Randy",{5.5,3500,"Neoprene"}};
    badge(randy);
    return 0;
}

练习三：

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 
 3 typedef struct
 4 {
 5     const char *name;
 6     const char *special;
 7     int age;
 8 }turtle;
 9 
10 void happy_birthday(turtle *t)
11 {
12     (*t).age = (*t).age + 1;//注意一定要加（）,(*t).age = t -> age
13     printf("Happy birthday %s! You are now %i years old!\n",(*t).name,(*t).age);
14 }
15 int main()
16 {
17     turtle myrtle = {"Myrtle","Leatherback sea turtle",99};
18     happy_birthday(&myrtle);
19     printf("%s's age is now %i\n",myrtle.name,myrtle.age);
20     return 0;
21 }

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/syyy/p/5700301.html