oracle中的select语句可以用START WITH...CONNECT BY PRIOR子句实现递归查询,connect by 是结构化查询中用到的,其基本语法是: select ... from <TableName> where <Conditional-1> start with <Conditional-2> connect by <Conditional-3> ; <Conditional-1>:过滤条件,用于对返回的所有记录进行过滤。 <Conditional-2>:查询结果重起始根结点的限定条件。 <Conditional-3>:连接条件 数据组织结构如下图: |---a------a1 | |------a2 | |---b------b1 |------b2 数据库表结构如下: create table t2( root_id number, id number, name varchar(5), description varchar(10) ); insert into t2(root_id,id,name,description) values(0,1,'a','aaa'); insert into t2(root_id,id,name,description) values(1,2,'a1','aaa1'); insert into t2(root_id,id,name,description) values(1,3,'a2','aaa2'); insert into t2(root_id,id,name,description) values(0,4,'b','bbb'); insert into t2(root_id,id,name,description) values(4,5,'b1','bbb1'); insert into t2(root_id,id,name,description) values(4,6,'b2','bbb2'); SQL> select * from t2; ROOT_ID ID NAME DESCRIPTIO ---------- ---------- ----- ---------- 0 1 a aaa 1 2 a1 aaa1 1 3 a2 aaa2 0 4 b bbb 4 5 b1 bbb1 4 6 b2 bbb2 获取完整树: select * from t2 start with root_id = 0 connect by prior id = root_id;
|---a------a1 | |------a2 | |---b------b1 |------b2 ROOT_ID ID NAME DESCRIPTIO ---------- ---------- ----- ---------- 0 1 a aaa 1 2 a1 aaa1 1 3 a2 aaa2 0 4 b bbb 4 5 b1 bbb1 4 6 b2 bbb2 获取特定子树: select * from t2 start with id = 1 connect by prior id = root_id; |---a------a1 | |------a2
ROOT_ID ID NAME DESCRIPTIO ---------- ---------- ----- ---------- 0 1 a aaa 1 2 a1 aaa1 1 3 a2 aaa2 select * from t2 start with id = 4 connect by prior id = root_id; |---b------b1 |------b2 ROOT_ID ID NAME DESCRIPTIO ---------- ---------- ----- ---------- 0 4 b bbb 4 5 b1 bbb1 4 6 b2 bbb2 如果connect by prior中的prior被省略,则查询将不进行深层递归。 如: select * from t2 start with root_id = 0 connect by id = root_id; |---a | | |---b ROOT_ID ID NAME DESCRIPTIO ---------- ---------- ----- ---------- 0 1 a aaa 0 4 b bbb 如: select * from t2 start with id = 1 connect by id = root_id; |---a ROOT_ID ID NAME DESCRIPTIO ---------- ---------- ----- ---------- 0 1 a aaa |