django mysql api_编写你的第一个 Django 应用，第 2 部分

>>>from polls.models import Choice, Question

# Make sure our __str__() addition worked.

>>>Question.objects.all()

]>

# Django provides a rich database lookup API that's entirely driven by

# keyword arguments.

>>>Question.objects.filter(id=1)

]>

>>>Question.objects.filter(question_text__startswith='What')

]>

# Get the question that was published this year.

>>>from django.utils import timezone

>>>current_year = timezone.now().year

>>>Question.objects.get(pub_date__year=current_year)

# Request an ID that doesn't exist, this will raise an exception.

>>>Question.objects.get(id=2)

Traceback (most recent call last):

...

DoesNotExist: Question matching query does not exist.

# Lookup by a primary key is the most common case, so Django provides a

# shortcut for primary-key exact lookups.

# The following is identical to Question.objects.get(id=1).

>>>Question.objects.get(pk=1)

# Make sure our custom method worked.

>>>q = Question.objects.get(pk=1)

>>>q.was_published_recently()

True

# Give the Question a couple of Choices. The create call constructs a new

# Choice object, does the INSERT statement, adds the choice to the set

# of available choices and returns the new Choice object. Django creates

# a set to hold the "other side" of a ForeignKey relation

# (e.g. a question's choice) which can be accessed via the API.

>>>q = Question.objects.get(pk=1)

# Display any choices from the related object set -- none so far.

>>>q.choice_set.all()

# Create three choices.

>>>q.choice_set.create(choice_text='Not much', votes=0)

>>>q.choice_set.create(choice_text='The sky', votes=0)

>>>c = q.choice_set.create(choice_text='Just hacking again', votes=0)

# Choice objects have API access to their related Question objects.

>>>c.question

# And vice versa: Question objects get access to Choice objects.

>>>q.choice_set.all()

, , ]>

>>>q.choice_set.count()

3

# The API automatically follows relationships as far as you need.

# Use double underscores to separate relationships.

# This works as many levels deep as you want; there's no limit.

# Find all Choices for any question whose pub_date is in this year

# (reusing the 'current_year' variable we created above).

>>>Choice.objects.filter(question__pub_date__year=current_year)

, , ]>

# Let's delete one of the choices. Use delete() for that.

>>>c = q.choice_set.filter(choice_text__startswith='Just hacking')

>>>c.delete()