现在基本没有什么能离得开数据库了,django我一直用的都是mysql的数据库,这次和大家说说django--mysql数据库的一些常用命令吧
1:命令行登陆mysql
C:\Users\Administrator>mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: ********
2:创建一个新的数据库并使用它
mysql>create database t;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02sec)
mysql>use t;
Database changed
3:说点注意问题,我们先练show一下
mysql>show create database t;
+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database |
+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| t | CREATE DATABASE `t` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */ |
+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
注意到字符集是Latin1的
这样就无法存中文了,下面我们改一下设置吧,具体的命令我就不一一解说了,相信大家都能看得懂
mysql> show variables like 'char%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------
-----+
| Variable_name |Value
|
+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------
-----+
| character_set_client |latin1
|
| character_set_connection |latin1
|
| character_set_database |latin1
|
| character_set_filesystem |binary
|
| character_set_results |latin1
|
| character_set_server |latin1
|
| character_set_system |utf8
|
| character_sets_dir | C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\share\chars
ets\ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------
-----+
8 rows in set (0.01sec)
mysql>set names utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01sec)
mysql> show variables like 'char%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------
-----+
| Variable_name |Value
|
+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------
-----+
| character_set_client |utf8
|
| character_set_connection |utf8
|
| character_set_database |latin1
|
| character_set_filesystem |binary
|
| character_set_results |utf8
|
| character_set_server |latin1
|
| character_set_system |utf8
|
| character_sets_dir | C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\share\chars
ets\ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------
-----+
8 rows in set (0.00sec)
mysql> set character_set_database = 'utf8';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00sec)
mysql> set character_set_server = 'utf8';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00sec)
mysql> show variables like 'char%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------
-----+
| Variable_name |Value
|
+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------
-----+
| character_set_client |utf8
|
| character_set_connection |utf8
|
| character_set_database |utf8
|
| character_set_filesystem |binary
|
| character_set_results |utf8
|
| character_set_server |utf8
|
| character_set_system |utf8
|
| character_sets_dir | C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\share\chars
ets\ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------
-----+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
3:然后把1,2步骤中创建的数据库删掉,drop database +数据库名就可以了,然后重新创建就ok了
4:现在配置django中的配置文件
DATABASES ={
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql', #Add 'postgresql_psycopg2', 'mysql', 'sqlite3' or 'oracle'.
'NAME': 'irsearch', #Or path to database file if using sqlite3.
'USER': 'root', #Not used with sqlite3.
'PASSWORD': '你的数据库的密码', #Not used with sqlite3.
'HOST': '127.0.0.1', #Set to empty string for localhost. Not used with sqlite3.
'PORT': '', #Set to empty string for default. Not used with sqlite3.
}
}
5:写model.py了,简单举例,注意一定要用models.Model,否则没用的
#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from django.db importmodels
#Create your models here.
classWeibo(models.Model):
"""docstring for weibo"""w_id = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True)
userid = models.CharField(max_length=20)
username = models.CharField(max_length=30)
content = models.CharField(max_length=2000)
ptime = models.CharField(max_length=20)
count = models.IntegerField()
6:django的SQL操作
python manage.py syncdb 初始化数据库或者更新数据库
python manage.py sql +数据库名字
python manage.py sql +数据库名字 > t.sql 可以让这些数据写入到t.sql中,可以直接用
6:mysql的数据导入导出
其实强烈不建议使用mysql的数据导入导出的,可以通过后台直接读取数据库而进行数据库中的数据的导入导出
C:\Users\Administrator>mysqldump
Usage: mysqldump [OPTIONS] database [tables]
OR mysqldump [OPTIONS] --databases [OPTIONS] DB1 [DB2 DB3...]
OR mysqldump [OPTIONS] --all-databases [OPTIONS]
For more options, use mysqldump --help
数据库名 表名
C:\Users\Administrator>mysqldump -uroot -p irsearch search_stop >stop.txt
Enter password: ********
然后就可以在当前目录下看到stop.txt了,最好是输出到sql文件里面,然后就可以直接导入sql了
如果是导入新浪SAE的数据库,记得吧里面的LOCK,UNLOCK 指令去掉,因为SAE没有给你这个指令的权限。