django mysql 分库分表_Django 数据库读写分离 分库分表

多个数据库

配置:

DATABASES = {

'default': {

'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',

'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),

},

'db2': {

'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',

'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),

},

}

写入到 指定数据库

python manage.py makemigrations

python manage.py migrate -- database db2

使用

读写分离

手动

s = models.Student.objects.using('default').all()

models.Student.objects.using('db2').create(name='xxx',)

自动

settings中配置

DATABASE_ROUTERS = ['myrouter.Router']

# 创建 myrouter.py 文件

# myrouter

class Router:

def db_for_read(self, model, **kwargs):

return 'default'

def db_for_write(self, model, **kwargs):

return 'db2'

一主多从

# 一主多从

import random

class Router:

def db_for_read(self, model, **kwargs):

return random.choices(['db1', 'db2', 'db3'])

def db_for_write(self, model, **kwargs):

return 'db'

分库分表

# 分库分表 不同的app 使用不同的数据库

# app01 db1 app02 db2

class Router:

def db_for_read(self, model, **kwargs):

if model._meta.app_label == 'app01':

return 'db1 '

elif model._meta.app_label == 'app02':

return 'db2'

def db_for_write(self, model, **kwargs):

if model._meta.app_label == 'app01':

return 'db1 '

elif model._meta.app_label == 'app02':

return 'db2'

执行原生sql

from django.db import connection, connections

# cursor = connection.cursor()

cursor = connections['db2'].cursor()

cursor.execute("""SELECT * from app01_student """, )

row = cursor.fetchall()

print(row)