java反射用法_Java反射的用法

Class类

在Java中，每个class都有一个相应的Class对象。也就是说，当我们编写一个类，编译完成后，在生成的.class文件中，就会产生一个Class对象，用于表示这个类的类型信息。

反射

Java的反射主要就是使用class对象生成对应类的实例、调用类的方法等对操作。示例代码：

Car.java

public class Car {

private String brand;

private String color;

private Integer maxSpeed;

public Car() {

}

public Car(String brand, String color, Integer maxSpeed) {

super();

this.brand = brand;

this.color = color;

this.maxSpeed = maxSpeed;

}

public String getBrand() {

return brand;

}

public void setBrand(String brand) {

this.brand = brand;

}

public String getColor() {

return color;

}

public void setColor(String color) {

this.color = color;

}

public Integer getMaxSpeed() {

return maxSpeed;

}

public void setMaxSpeed(Integer maxSpeed) {

this.maxSpeed = maxSpeed;

}

@Override

public String toString() {

return "Car [brand=" + brand + ", color=" + color + ", maxSpeed="

+ maxSpeed + "]";

}

public void testPrivate() {

System.out.println("call testPrivate()");

}

}

ReflectTest.java

public class RelectTest {

public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException,

InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, SecurityException,

NoSuchFieldException, NoSuchMethodException,

IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException {

// 创建class，方法1

Class> clazz = Class.forName("com.Car");

// 创建class，方法2，相对来说，方法1更适合从配置中读取包的限定名字符串，避免了方法2中需要导包的操作

clazz = Car.class;

// 创建对象

Car car = (Car) clazz.newInstance();

// 获取所有的属性

Field[] fields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();

System.out.print("All fields:");

for (Field field : fields) {

System.out.print(field.getName() + ",");

}

System.out.println();

// 获取所有的public属性

Field[] publicFilds = clazz.getFields();

System.out.print("All public fields:");

for (Field field : publicFilds) {

System.out.print(field.getName() + ",");

}

System.out.println();

// 获取继承或接口中的所有方法

Method[] methods = clazz.getMethods();

System.out.println("All methods:");

for (Method method : methods) {

System.out.println(method.getReturnType() + " " + method.getName()

+ "(" + displayClass(method.getParameterTypes()) + ")");

}

System.out.println();

// 获取本类中的public, protected, private方法，不包括继承的方法

Method[] selfMethods = clazz.getDeclaredMethods();

System.out.println("All self methods:");

for (Method method : selfMethods) {

System.out.println(method.getReturnType() + " " + method.getName()

+ "(" + displayClass(method.getParameterTypes()) + ")");

}

System.out.println();

// 获取构造函数

Constructor[] constructors = clazz.getDeclaredConstructors();

System.out.println("All Constructor:");

for (Constructor constructor : constructors) {

System.out.println(constructor.getName() + "("

+ displayClass(constructor.getParameterTypes()) + ")");

}

System.out.println();

// 获取指定的属性

Field brandField = clazz.getDeclaredField("brand");

// 通过属性为字段赋值

brandField.setAccessible(true);// 由于brand属性为private，必须设置覆盖java对该字段的访问控制检查

brandField.set(car, "奔驰");

System.out.println(car);

// 获取指定的方法

Method colorSetMethod = clazz.getDeclaredMethod("setColor",

String.class);

colorSetMethod.invoke(car, "黑色");

System.out.println(car);

Method testPrivateMethod = clazz.getDeclaredMethod("testPrivate");

testPrivateMethod.invoke(car, null);

}

public static String displayClass(Class[] s) {

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

for (Class c : s) {

if (sb.length() > 0)

sb.append(", ");

sb.append(c.getName());

}

return sb.toString();

}

}