华为云mysql主备keepalive_华为云服务器：MySQL数据库主从同步

Mater:   CentOS6.4  mysql5.5.38  192.168.107.133

Slave:   CentOS6.4  mysql5.5.38  192.168.107.135

1.导出主服务数据，将主备初始数据同步

master:

//从master上导出需要同步的数据库信息

mysqldump -u*** -p*** --database test > test.sql

//将master上的备份信息传输到slave上

scp /root/test.sql root@192.168.107.135:/opt/

slave:

//进入slave的数据库

mysql -u*** -p***

//清空test数据库

drop database test

//导入master的test数据库信息

source /opt/test.sql

2.配置master和slave上的mysql数据库

master:

//修改master的my.cnf文件

vim /etc/my.cnf

//master配置如下，在[mysqld]下添加如下配置

#log-bin

server-id          =   1

log_bin            =   master-bin

expire_logs_days   =   10

max_binlog_size    =   100M

binlog-do_db       =   test

binlog_ignore_db   =   mysql

//重启mysql数据库

service mysqld restart

slave:

//修改slave的my.cnf文件

vim /etc/my.cnf

//slave配置如下，在[mysqld]下添加如下配置

server-id         =   2

//重启mysql数据库

service mysqld restart

简单说明一下参数配置，保证主备server-id唯一。在master上需要开启mysql的binlog，log_bin=master_bin，指定binlog文件的名称。

3.创建一个复制用户，具有replication slave 权限，能保证slave能把master的数据同步过去

master:

grant replication slave on *.* to 'replication'@'192.168.107.135' identified by 'replication';

4.获取master的binlog位置

master：

//进入mysql数据库

mysql -u*** -p***

//设置读锁

flush tables with read lock;

//获取mysql的binlog文件信息和偏移量

show master status;

+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| File              | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |

+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| master-bin.000010 |     3713 | test         | mysql            |

+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

//解锁

unlock tables;

5.设置备端数据库

//进入mysql数据库

mysql -u*** -p***

//停止slave

stop slave;

//设置对应master的binlog信息

MariaDB [(none)]> change master to

-> master_host='192.168.107.133',

-> master_user='replication',

-> master_password='replication',

-> master_log_file='master-bin.000010',

-> master_log_pos=3713;

//启动slave

start slave;

6.查看备端状态

MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

Master_Host: 192.168.107.133

Master_User: replication

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: master-bin.000010

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 3881

Relay_Log_File: mariadb-relay-bin.000002

Relay_Log_Pos: 698

Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000010

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Ignore_DB:

Replicate_Do_Table:

Replicate_Ignore_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

Last_Errno: 0

Last_Error:

Skip_Counter: 0

Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 3881

Relay_Log_Space: 994

Until_Condition: None

Until_Log_File:

Until_Log_Pos: 0

Master_SSL_Allowed: No

Master_SSL_CA_File:

Master_SSL_CA_Path:

Master_SSL_Cert:

Master_SSL_Cipher:

Master_SSL_Key:

Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

Last_IO_Errno: 0

Last_IO_Error:

Last_SQL_Errno: 0

Last_SQL_Error:

Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

Master_Server_Id: 1

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR: No query specified

如果：Slave_IO_Running: Yes,Slave_SQL_Running: Yes则为配置成功，配置错误重复上面操作即可。如果解决不了可通过查看mysql日志分析处理。

7.测试。其实测试没啥好写的，配置成功之后直接连到主从数据库，在master上改变表、字段、数据，slave会同步变化