python虚拟环境linux_Centos下python纯净虚拟环境

实际python开发中，可能并行的有多个python项目的开发，他们用到的python版本可能不一样，这个时候就 需要有多个相互不依赖的环境来运行多个python项目 ，virtualenv 就刚好满足这个需求

安装 virtualenv

可以用 pip 、 easy_install 或者 pyenv 来安装virtualenv，但是 推荐pyenv来安装 ，pyenv-virtualenv是pyenv的插件。有助于后面的环境切换等

root@pts/5 $ ls -l ~/.pyenv/plugins/

total 4

drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Jun 7 10:51 python-build

root@pts/5 $ git clone https://github.com/yyuu/pyenv-virtualenv.git ~/.pyenv/plugins/pyenv-virtualenv

Cloning into '/root/.pyenv/plugins/pyenv-virtualenv'...

remote: Counting objects: 1800, done.

remote: Total 1800 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 1800

Receiving objects: 100% (1800/1800), 517.45 KiB | 143.00 KiB/s, done.

Resolving deltas: 100% (1230/1230), done.

root@pts/5 $ ls -l ~/.pyenv/plugins/

total 8

drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Jun 7 12:00 pyenv-virtualenv

drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Jun 7 10:51 python-build

配置

root@pts/5 $ vim ~/.bashrc

Dev-mysql-mem [~] 2016-06-07 12:01:08

root@pts/5 $ cat ~/.bashrc |egrep 'virtualenv'

eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"

配置生效

### 方式一

重新打开一个session

### 方式二

source ~/.bashrc

### 方式三

exec $SHELL -l

创建虚拟环境

创建新的虚拟环境实际存在于 ~/.pyenv/versions/ 目录

## 创建 名字为py3.4.3的虚拟环境

## 注意 第三个 '3.4.4' 版本号码是必须的

root@pts/5 $ pyenv virtualenv 3.4.4 py3.4.4

Ignoring indexes: https://pypi.python.org/simple

Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): setuptools in /root/.pyenv/versions/3.4.4/envs/py3.4.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages

Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): pip in /root/.pyenv/versions/3.4.4/envs/py3.4.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages

## 查看新增的虚拟环境

root@pts/5 $ ls -l ~/.pyenv/versions/

total 8

drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Jun 7 11:43 2.7.11

drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Jun 7 12:05 3.4.4

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 40 Jun 7 12:05 py3.4.4 -> /root/.pyenv/versions/3.4.4/envs/py3.4.4

root@pts/5 $ pyenv versions

system

2.7.11

* 3.4.4 (set by /root/.pyenv/version)

3.4.4/envs/py3.4.4

py3.4.4

虚拟环境使用

## 进入虚拟环境

root@pts/6 $ pyenv activate py3.4.4

pyenv-virtualenv: prompt changing will be removed from future release. configure 'export PYENV_VIRTUALENV_DISABLE_PROMPT=1' to simulate the behavior.

(py3.4.4) Dev-mysql-mem [~] 2016-06-07 12:12:35

## 查看虚拟环境版本

root@pts/6 $ python -V

Python 3.4.4

## 退出到系统环境

root@pts/6 $ pyenv deactivate

Dev-mysql-mem [~] 2016-06-07 12:14:46

root@pts/6 $

卸载虚拟环境

## 方式一：暴力删除

rm -rf ~/.pyenv/versions/py3.4.4

## 方式二：温柔卸载

pyenv uninstall py3.4.4

(责任编辑：最模板)