ubuntu debpython_Ubuntu源、Python虚拟环境及pip源配置

Ubuntu 命令行更改源

在修改source.list前，最好先备份一份

软件源的地址配置文件在 /etc/apt/sources.list

执行备份命令

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.old

执行命令打开source.list文件：

可以用vim，gedit，atom等工具打开

sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list

内容如下

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS _Bionic Beaver_ - Release amd64 (20190805)]/ bionic main restricted

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to

# newer versions of the distribution.

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted

# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the

## distribution.

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted

# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu

## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any

## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic universe

# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic universe

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates universe

# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu

## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to

## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in

## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu

## security team.

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic multiverse

# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates multiverse

# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates multiverse

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as

## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes

## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.

## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review

## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's

## 'partner' repository.

## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the

## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.

# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner

# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted

# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security main restricted

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security universe

# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security universe

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security multiverse

# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security multiverse

pip 源的配置

Win 下， %HOMEPATH%， pip/pip.ini

Ubuntu 下， ~/.pip/pip.conf

内容如下

[global]

index-url = http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/

[install]

trusted-host = mirrors.aliyun.com

虚拟环境配置

环境：

Ubuntu 18.04

Python3

如果系统同时安装了python2和3版本，请执行下面的命令

pip2 install virtualenv

pip2 install virtualenvwrapper

pip3 install virtualenv

pip3 install virtualenvwrapper

# Win

pip install virtualenvwrapper-win

使用pip3安装virtualenv和virtualenvwrapper两个包，ubuntu18.04中，用户使用pip安装的包在~/.local/下，在.bashrc中添加的配置如下：

# Python Virtualenv Settings

export WORKON_HOME=~/.virtualenvs

export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python3

source ~/.local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

使用mkvirtualenv创建虚拟环境时，报错如下：

roc@roc-ThinkPad-E455:~$ mkvirtualenv remote

ERROR: virtualenvwrapper could not find virtualenv in your path

提示virtualenv 不在环境中，需要在配置文件添加virtualenv的路径进去，具体配置如下：

# Python Virtualenv Settings

export WORKON_HOME=~/.virtualenvs

export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python3

# 指定virtualenv的路径

export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_VIRTUALENV=~/.local/bin/virtualenv

source ~/.local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

然后重新加载.bashrc文件即可