java分布式生成自增整数_java实现分布式ID自增算法snowflake

前言

snowflake可以生成全局唯一且有序的Id，相对来说UUID也可以实现，但是无序且长度太长，为36位。

第一位固定为0，表示正数

41位表示时间戳，一共可以使用69年

5位表示数据中心节点，5位表示机器标识，一共可以支持1024个节点

12位表示一毫秒内的序列号，共4096个

代码实现

/**

* 分布式Id生成器-雪花算法

*/

public class SnowFlake {

/**

* 起始的时间戳

*/

private final static long START_STMP = 1480166465631L;

/**

* 每一部分占用的位数

*/

private final static long SEQUENCE_BIT = 12; //序列号占用的位数

private final static long MACHINE_BIT = 5; //机器标识占用的位数

private final static long DATACENTER_BIT = 5;//数据中心占用的位数

/**

* 每一部分的最大值

*/

private final static long MAX_DATACENTER_NUM = ~(-1L << DATACENTER_BIT);

private final static long MAX_MACHINE_NUM = ~(-1L << MACHINE_BIT);

private final static long MAX_SEQUENCE = ~(-1L << SEQUENCE_BIT);

/**

* 每一部分向左的位移

*/

private final static long MACHINE_LEFT = SEQUENCE_BIT;

private final static long DATACENTER_LEFT = SEQUENCE_BIT + MACHINE_BIT;

private final static long TIMESTMP_LEFT = DATACENTER_LEFT + DATACENTER_BIT;

private long datacenterId; //数据中心

private long machineId; //机器标识

private long sequence = 0L; //序列号

private long lastStmp = -1L;//上一次时间戳

public SnowFlake(long datacenterId, long machineId) {

if (datacenterId > MAX_DATACENTER_NUM || datacenterId < 0) {

throw new IllegalArgumentException(

"datacenterId can't be greater than MAX_DATACENTER_NUM or less than 0");

}

if (machineId > MAX_MACHINE_NUM || machineId < 0) {

throw new IllegalArgumentException(

"machineId can't be greater than MAX_MACHINE_NUM or less than 0");

}

this.datacenterId = datacenterId;

this.machineId = machineId;

}

/**

* 产生下一个ID

*/

public synchronized long nextId() {

long currStmp = getNewstmp();

if (currStmp < lastStmp) {

throw new RuntimeException("Clock moved backwards. Refusing to generate id");

}

if (currStmp == lastStmp) {

//相同毫秒内，序列号自增

sequence = (sequence + 1) & MAX_SEQUENCE;

//同一毫秒的序列数已经达到最大4096

if (sequence == 0L) {

currStmp = getNextMill();

}

} else {

//不同毫秒内，序列号置为0

sequence = 0L;

}

lastStmp = currStmp;

return (currStmp - START_STMP) << TIMESTMP_LEFT //时间戳部分

| datacenterId << DATACENTER_LEFT //数据中心部分

| machineId << MACHINE_LEFT //机器标识部分

| sequence; //序列号部分

}

private long getNextMill() {

long mill = getNewstmp();

while (mill <= lastStmp) {

mill = getNewstmp();

}

return mill;

}

private long getNewstmp() {

return System.currentTimeMillis();

}

}

测试代码

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

SnowFlake snowFlake = new SnowFlake(0, 0);

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

System.out.println(snowFlake.nextId());

}

}

}

输出结果

545435039291146240

545435039291146241

545435039291146242

545435039291146243

545435039291146244

545435039291146245

545435039291146246

545435039291146247

545435039291146248

545435039291146249

参考