drools in java_Drools学习(一)

Drool是jboss的规则引擎, 老早就想看看了, 前断时间忙的一直没有时间.现在抽空学习一下

什么是规则引擎, rete算法等等就交给google了.

鄙人是实干家.

一. 环境配置.

最快的方法:

下载Drool的eclipse插件:Drools 4.0.7 Eclipse Workbench for 3.2

http://www.jboss.org/drools/downloads.html

此插件功能不错, 写rule很方便, 并且能创建 drool project, 所有依赖的jar包都有包含.

二: hello world

晦涩的理论先放一边, 跑一个hello world再说:

package com.sample;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import java.io.Reader;

import org.drools.RuleBase;

import org.drools.RuleBaseFactory;

import org.drools.WorkingMemory;

import org.drools.compiler.PackageBuilder;

import org.drools.rule.Package;

/**

* This is a sample file to launch a rule package from a rule source file.

*/

public class DroolsTest {

public static final void main(String[] args) {

try {

//load up the rulebase

RuleBase ruleBase = readRule();

WorkingMemory workingMemory = ruleBase.newStatefulSession();

//go !

Message message = new Message();

message.setMessage( "Hello World" );

message.setStatus( Message.HELLO );

workingMemory.insert( message );

workingMemory.fireAllRules();

} catch (Throwable t) {

t.printStackTrace();

}

}

/**

* Please note that this is the "low level" rule assembly API.

*/

private static RuleBase readRule() throws Exception {

//read in the source

Reader source = new InputStreamReader( DroolsTest.class.getResourceAsStream( "/Sample.drl" ) );

//optionally read in the DSL (if you are using it).

//Reader dsl = new InputStreamReader( DroolsTest.class.getResourceAsStream( "/mylang.dsl" ) );

//Use package builder to build up a rule package.

//An alternative lower level class called "DrlParser" can also be used...

PackageBuilder builder = new PackageBuilder();

//this wil parse and compile in one step

//NOTE: There are 2 methods here, the one argument one is for normal DRL.

builder.addPackageFromDrl( source );

//Use the following instead of above if you are using a DSL:

//builder.addPackageFromDrl( source, dsl );

//get the compiled package (which is serializable)

Package pkg = builder.getPackage();

//add the package to a rulebase (deploy the rule package).

RuleBase ruleBase = RuleBaseFactory.newRuleBase();

ruleBase.addPackage( pkg );

return ruleBase;

}

public static class Message {

public static final int HELLO = 0;

public static final int GOODBYE = 1;

public static final int GAME_OVER = 2;

private String message;

private int status;

public String getMessage() {

return this.message;

}

public void setMessage(String message) {

this.message = message;

}

public int getStatus() {

return this.status;

}

public void setStatus( int status ) {

this.status = status;

}

}

}

rule文件:

Sample.drl

package com.sample

import com.sample.DroolsTest.Message;

rule "Hello World"

when

m : Message( status == Message.HELLO, message : message )

then

System.out.println( message );

m.setMessage( "Goodbye cruel world" );

m.setStatus( Message.GOODBYE );

update( m );

end

rule "GoodBye"

no-loop true

when

m : Message( status == Message.GOODBYE, message : message )

then

System.out.println( message );

m.setStatus(Message.GAME_OVER);

m.setMessage("game over now!");

update( m );

end

rule "game over"

when

m : Message( status == Message.GAME_OVER)

then

System.out.println( m.getMessage() );

end

java代码就不说了, 主要说明一下rule文件, 借此熟悉一下rule语法:

1:规则的主体结构:

rule "name"

ATTRIBUTES

when

LHS

then

RHS

end

其中:

LHS(left hand side)是规则的条件部分, RHS(right hand side)是条件满足后的自行块.

2: 条件的书写:

m : Message( status == Message.HELLO, message : message )

意思是:

在working Memory中, 如果有一个Message的instance满足如下条件:

它的status属性等于Message.HELLO.

满足条件的Message instance 用变量 m表示, 它的message属性用message变量表示, 以便在RHS中使用.

3: 条件满足后的自行块(RHS)

System.out.println( message );

m.setMessage( "Goodbye cruel world" );

m.setStatus( Message.GOODBYE );

update( m );

用到了在LHS中 定义的变量: m, message

update( m )表示把此Message instance在 working memory中更新.这便会触发名称为"GoodBye"的rule, 进而触发名称为"game over"的rule.

今天就到这里吧.

下课!

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2008-10-17 17:07

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