php函数参数过多_PHP方法参数过多优化方案

我们在编写PHP方法时，通常有若干个参数，就像下面的代码：

Class Book

{

public function create($name, $cateId, $author)

{

$params = [

"name" => $name,

"cateId" => $cateId,

"author" => $author

];

}

}

没有任何问题。

但是，随着业务的发展，参数可能会不断增加。就像上面的例子，创建一本书刚开始只有name/cateId/author三个参数，慢慢可能就变成了下面这样：

Class Book

{

public function create($name, $cateId, $author, $year, $price, $publish, $country, $language)

{

$params = [

"name" => $name,

"cateId" => $cateId,

"author" => $author,

"year" => $year,

"price" => $price,

"publish" => $publish,

"country" => $country,

"language" => $language,

];

}

}

It works well！但是看起来总觉得不太优雅，当你调用这个方法的时候，鬼才知道参数的顺序是怎么样的！

如何优化呢？我们可以尝试把参数对象化。请看下面的代码：

class BookModel

{

protected $name;

protected $cateId;

protected $author;

protected $year;

protected $price;

protected $publish;

protected $country;

protected $language;

public function getName()

{

return $this->name;

}

public function setName($name)

{

$this->name = $name;

}

public function getCateId()

{

return $this->cateId;

}

public function setCateId($cateId)

{

$this->cateId = $cateId;

}

public function getAuthor()

{

return $this->author;

}

public function setAuthor($author)

{

$this->author = $author;

}

public function getYear()

{

return $this->year;

}

public function setYear($year)

{

$this->year = $year;

}

public function getPrice()

{

return $this->price;

}

public function setPrice($price)

{

$this->price = $price;

}

public function getPublish()

{

return $this->publish;

}

public function setPublish($publish)

{

$this->publish = $publish;

}

public function getCountry()

{

return $this->country;

}

public function getLanguage()

{

return $this->language;

}

public function setLanguage($language)

{

$this->language = $language;

}

}

上面定义了一个BookModel类，包含了一些属性。然后我们对create方法进行改造，要求它的参数为BookModel类。由于BookModel的数据结构是明确的，使用起来非常方便。create方法调整后：

Class Book

{

public function create(BookModel $bookModel)

{

$params = [

"name" => $bookModel->getName(),

"cateId" => $bookModel->getCateId(),

"author" => $bookModel->getAuthor(),

"year" => $bookModel->getYear(),

"price" => $bookModel->getPrice(),

"publish" => $bookModel->getPublish(),

"country" => $bookModel->getCountry(),

"language" => $bookModel->getLanguage(),

];

}

}

看，面向对象编程的优势在这里凸显出来了！