erlang mnesia php,erlang mnesia数据库事物应用

mneia数据库时erlang自带的一个nosql数据库，对其读、写、删除操作均有脏读和非脏读两种，之前存在一个误区就是脏读和非脏读操作都支持transaction，在进行代码测试的时候出现和事物特性不一致的情况。

问题背景描述：

项目投产后，日常运行中会产生大量的数据，当数据量不断增加，所占的内存空间就会越大，对读写操作效率会有影响，而对于几个月前的数据项目实际的运行中基本用不到，但又不能将其直接删除，考虑将其迁移到一个备份表中，并将主表中的数据将其删除。考虑到数据的安全性：将备份表的写操作和主表的删除操作，放入到事物中，要么都成功，要么都是失败。同时为了保证项目性能，减少备份的时候，对数据库的压力，在进行读写、删除的时候采用diry的方式，在测试的时候发现，dirty操作，虽然加入到了事物，但是并不具事物的特性：同时成功同时失败。

测试代码

-module(test_mnesia).

-import(lists, [foreach/2]).

-include_lib("stdlib/include/qlc.hrl").

-compile(export_all).

-record(shop, {item, quantity, cost}).

do_this_once() ->

mnesia:create_schema([node()]),

mnesia:start(),

mnesia:create_table(shop, [{attributes, record_info(fields, shop)}]),

mnesia:stop().

start() ->

mnesia:stop(),

mnesia:start(),

mnesia:wait_for_tables([shop], 2000),

init_table(shop_info()).

get_all(TabelName) ->

Qh =qlc:q([X || X

F = fun() -> qlc:e(Qh) end,

{atomic, Val} = mnesia:transaction(F),

Val.

shop_info() ->

[%% The shop table

{shop, apple, 20, 2.3},

{shop, orange, 100, 3.8},

{shop, pear, 200, 3.6},

{shop, banana, 420, 4.5}

].

init_table(TableData) ->

F = fun(Model) -> mnesia:dirty_write(Model) end,

lists:foreach(F, TableData).

delete(Item) ->

Oid = {shop, Item},

F = fun() ->

mnesia:delete(Oid)

end,

mnesia:transaction(F).

dirty_delete(Item) ->

Oid = {shop, Item},

F = fun() ->

mnesia:dirty_delete(Oid)

end,

mnesia:transaction(F).

write() ->

Oid = {shop, potato, 2456, 1.2},

F = fun() ->

mnesia:write(Oid)

end,

mnesia:transaction(F).

dirty_write() ->

Oid = {shop, potato, 2456, 1.2},

F = fun() ->

mnesia:dirty_write(Oid)

end,

mnesia:transaction(F).

execute(Function,Pram) when is_function(Function),is_list(Pram) ->

F = fun() ->

apply(Function,Pram)

,true = ok %在事物里制造问题，验证事物的有效性

end,

mnesia:transaction(F).

验证测试流程

初始化操作

1> c(test_mnesia).

test_mnesia.erl:67: Warning: no clause will ever match

{ok,test_mnesia}

2> test_mnesia:do_this_once().

stopped

3>

=INFO REPORT==== 28-Sep-2017::18:19:14 ===

application: mnesia

exited: stopped

type: temporary

3> test_mnesia:start().

ok

4>

delete测试流程:最总无法删除数据里的数据

6> test_mnesia:get_all(shop).

[{shop,apple,20,2.3},

{shop,orange,100,3.8},

{shop,pear,200,3.6},

{shop,banana,420,4.5}]

7> test_mnesia:execute(fun test_mnesia:delete/1,[apple]).

{aborted,{{badmatch,ok},

[{test_mnesia,'-execute/2-fun-0-',2,

[{file,"test_mnesia.erl"},{line,67}]},

{mnesia_tm,apply_fun,3,[{file,"mnesia_tm.erl"},{line,836}]},

{mnesia_tm,execute_transaction,5,

[{file,"mnesia_tm.erl"},{line,811}]},

{erl_eval,do_apply,6,[{file,"erl_eval.erl"},{line,674}]},

{shell,exprs,7,[{file,"shell.erl"},{line,686}]},

{shell,eval_exprs,7,[{file,"shell.erl"},{line,641}]},

{shell,eval_loop,3,[{file,"shell.erl"},{line,626}]}]}}

8> test_mnesia:get_all(shop).

[{shop,apple,20,2.3},

{shop,orange,100,3.8},

{shop,pear,200,3.6},

{shop,banana,420,4.5}]

dirty_delete测试流程:apple的记录将会被删除

8> test_mnesia:get_all(shop).

[{shop,apple,20,2.3},

{shop,orange,100,3.8},

{shop,pear,200,3.6},

{shop,banana,420,4.5}]

9> test_mnesia:execute(fun test_mnesia:dirty_delete/1,[apple]).

{aborted,{{badmatch,ok},

[{test_mnesia,'-execute/2-fun-0-',2,

[{file,"test_mnesia.erl"},{line,67}]},

{mnesia_tm,apply_fun,3,[{file,"mnesia_tm.erl"},{line,836}]},

{mnesia_tm,execute_transaction,5,

[{file,"mnesia_tm.erl"},{line,811}]},

{erl_eval,do_apply,6,[{file,"erl_eval.erl"},{line,674}]},

{shell,exprs,7,[{file,"shell.erl"},{line,686}]},

{shell,eval_exprs,7,[{file,"shell.erl"},{line,641}]},

{shell,eval_loop,3,[{file,"shell.erl"},{line,626}]}]}}

10> test_mnesia:get_all(shop).

[{shop,orange,100,3.8},

{shop,pear,200,3.6},

{shop,banana,420,4.5}]

write测试流程:{shop, potato, 2456, 1.2}不能写入数据库

10> test_mnesia:get_all(shop).

[{shop,orange,100,3.8},

{shop,pear,200,3.6},

{shop,banana,420,4.5}]

11> test_mnesia:execute(fun test_mnesia:write/0,[]).

{aborted,{{badmatch,ok},

[{test_mnesia,'-execute/2-fun-0-',2,

[{file,"test_mnesia.erl"},{line,67}]},

{mnesia_tm,apply_fun,3,[{file,"mnesia_tm.erl"},{line,836}]},

{mnesia_tm,execute_transaction,5,

[{file,"mnesia_tm.erl"},{line,811}]},

{erl_eval,do_apply,6,[{file,"erl_eval.erl"},{line,674}]},

{shell,exprs,7,[{file,"shell.erl"},{line,686}]},

{shell,eval_exprs,7,[{file,"shell.erl"},{line,641}]},

{shell,eval_loop,3,[{file,"shell.erl"},{line,626}]}]}}

12> test_mnesia:get_all(shop).

[{shop,orange,100,3.8},

{shop,pear,200,3.6},

{shop,banana,420,4.5}]

dirty_write测试流程:{shop, potato, 2456, 1.2}可以写入数据库

12> test_mnesia:get_all(shop).

[{shop,orange,100,3.8},

{shop,pear,200,3.6},

{shop,banana,420,4.5}]

13> test_mnesia:execute(fun test_mnesia:dirty_write/0,[]).

{aborted,{{badmatch,ok},

[{test_mnesia,'-execute/2-fun-0-',2,

[{file,"test_mnesia.erl"},{line,67}]},

{mnesia_tm,apply_fun,3,[{file,"mnesia_tm.erl"},{line,836}]},

{mnesia_tm,execute_transaction,5,

[{file,"mnesia_tm.erl"},{line,811}]},

{erl_eval,do_apply,6,[{file,"erl_eval.erl"},{line,674}]},

{shell,exprs,7,[{file,"shell.erl"},{line,686}]},

{shell,eval_exprs,7,[{file,"shell.erl"},{line,641}]},

{shell,eval_loop,3,[{file,"shell.erl"},{line,626}]}]}}

14> test_mnesia:get_all(shop).

[{shop,potato,2456,1.2},

{shop,orange,100,3.8},

{shop,pear,200,3.6},

{shop,banana,420,4.5}]

总结：从上面的测试可以看出，mnesia数据库关于dirty的操作不支持事物。