Mnesia: Erlang数据库（一）（学习笔记）

在下载和安装Erlang后,在磁盘上的数千个文件之中,已经内置了一个相当完备的数据库管理系统，它的名字叫做Mnesia。它非常快，而且，更妙的是可以直接存储任意的Erlang数据结构
Mnesia可以根据需要灵活配置。比如说，既可以把数据表存储在内存中(数据的访问速度)，也可以存储在磁盘上(数据的持久性)，甚至还可以在不同的机器上建立同一份数据的多个副

test mnesia.erl

-modu1e(test_mnesia).
-import(lists, [foreach/2]).
-compile(export_all).

-include_lib("stdlib/include/qlc.hrl").
-record(shop, {item, quantity, cost}).
-record(cost, {name, price}).
-record(design, {id, plan}).
do_this_once() ->
  mnesia:create_schema([node()]),
  mnesia:start(),
  mnesia:create_table(shop, [{attributes, record_info(fields, shop)}]),
  mnesia:create_table(cost, [{attributes, record_info(fields, cost)}]),
  mnesia:create_table(design, [{attributes, record_info(fields, design)}]),
  mnesia:stop().

start() ->
  mnesia:start(),
  mnesia:wait_for_tables([shop, cost, design], 20000).

demo(select_shop) -> do(qlc:q([X || X <- mnesia:table(shop)]));

demo(select_some) -> do(qlc:q([{X#shop.item, X#shop.quantity} || X <- mnesia:table(shop)]));

demo(reorder) -> do(qlc:q([X#shop.item || X <- mnesia:table(shop), X#shop.quantity < 250]));


demo(join) -> do(qlc:q([X#shop.item || X <- mnesia:table(shop),
  X#shop.quantity < 250,
  Y <- mnesia:table(cost),
  X#shop.item =:= Y#cost.name,
  Y#cost.price < 2])).
do(Q) ->
  F = fun() -> qlc:e(Q) end,
  {atomic, Val} = mnesia:transaction(F),
  Val.

example_tables() ->
  [{shop, apple, 20, 2.3},
    {shop, orange, 100, 3.8},
    {shop, pear, 200, 3.6},
    {shop, banana, 420, 4.5},
    {shop, potato, 2456, 1.2},

    {cost, apple, 1.5},
    {cost, orange, 2.4},
    {cost, pear, 2.2},
    {cost, banana, 1.5},
    {cost, potato, 0.6}].

add_shop_item(Name, Quantity, Cost) ->
  Row = #shop{item = Name