java文件流操作_JavaIO流文件的操作总结

IO流的分类

1、根据数据的流向：

输入流：用来读数据，如从外界设备读数据到内存中；

输出流：用来写数据，如从内存输出数据到外界存储设备；

2、根据数据流的格式：

字节流：一般用于声音或者秃瓢等二进制数据流，如InputStream OutputStream;

字符流：一般用于处理文本数据如(*.txt),比如InputStreamReader OutputStreamWriter;

3、根据数据流的构造函数区分包装流和原始流：

包装流：在实例化流的时候需要传入另一个流作为自己构造函数的参数，如

java.io.Reader reader = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(inputFile), "utf-8");

BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(newFileReader(inputFileName));

原始流：在实例化流的时候不需要传入另一个流作为自己构造函数的参数，如

InputStream is= new FileInputStream(inputFile);

1、按字节来读写文件(以字节来读写文件，一般用于读写二进制文件如图片、声音、影音等等)

1 /**

2 * 字节读写文件3 *@paraminputFileName4 *@paramoutPutFileName5 */

6 public static voidreaderAndWriteFileByBytes(String inputFileName,String outPutFileName){7 File inputFile = newFile(inputFileName);8 File outputFile = newFile(outPutFileName);9 InputStream is = null;10 OutputStream os = null;11 try{12 is = newFileInputStream(inputFile);13 os = newFileOutputStream(outputFile);14 byte[] tempBytes = new byte[100];15 int byteread = 0;16 while((byteread = is.read(tempBytes))!=-1){17 os.write(tempBytes, 0, byteread);18 }19 is.close();20 os.close();21 } catch(IOException e) {22 e.printStackTrace();23 }24 System.out.println("字节读写文件完成");25 }

2、按字符来读写文件(以字符来读取文件，一般用于读写文本或数字类的文件)

1 /**

2 * 按字符读取文件并写出到另一个文件(一次读取一个字符)3 *@paraminputFileName4 *@paramoutPutFileName5 */

6 private static voidreadAndWriteFileByOneChar(String inputFileName,String outPutFileName) {7 File inputFile = newFile(inputFileName);8 File outputFile = newFile(outPutFileName);9 Reader reader = null;10 Writer writer = null;11 try{12 reader = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(inputFile), "utf-8");13 writer = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(outputFile),"utf-8");14 inttempChar;15 while((tempChar=reader.read())!=-1){16 writer.write(tempChar);17 }18 reader.close();19 writer.close();20 System.out.println("按单个字符读写文件结束。。。");21 } catch(IOException e) {22 e.printStackTrace();23 }24 }25 /**

26 * 按字符读取文件并写出到另一个文件(一次读取多个字符)27 *@paraminputFileName28 *@paramoutPutFileName29 */

30 private static voidreadAndWriteFileByChars(String inputFileName,String outPutFileName) {31 File inputFile = newFile(inputFileName);32 File outputFile = newFile(outPutFileName);33 Reader reader = null;34 Writer writer = null;35 try{36 reader = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(inputFile), "utf-8");37 writer = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(outputFile),"utf-8");38 inttempChar;39 //一次读多个字符

40 char[] tempchars = new char[30];41 while((tempChar=reader.read(tempchars))!=-1){42 if(tempChar == tempchars.length && (tempchars[tempchars.length - 1] != '\r')){43 writer.write(tempChar);44 }else{45 for(int i=0;i

3、按行来读取文件(以行为单位读取文件，一般用于读取面向行的格式化文件)

1 /**

2 * 读取一个文件写入到另一个文件3 *@paraminputFileName 读取文件的路径4 *@paramoutputFileName 写出文件的路径5 */

6 public static voidreadAndWriteFileByLine(String inputFileName,String outputFileName){7 BufferedReader reader = null;8 BufferedWriter writer = null;9 try{10 writer = new BufferedWriter(newFileWriter(outputFileName));11 reader = new BufferedReader(newFileReader(inputFileName));12 String tempStr =null;13 while((tempStr=reader.readLine())!=null){14 writer.append(tempStr);15 writer.newLine(); //换行

16 writer.flush(); //及时清除流的缓冲区，万一文件过大就无法写入了

17 }18 } catch(IOException e) {19 e.printStackTrace();20 }finally{21 if(reader!=null || writer!=null){22 try{23 reader.close();24 writer.close();25 } catch(IOException e) {26 e.printStackTrace();27 }28 }29 System.out.println("文件写入成功");30 }31 }