java 参数子类,Java中子类中的专门化方法参数

Consider the following situation:

public abstract class AnimalFeed{

}

public class FishFeed extends AnimalFeed{

}

public class BirdFeed extends AnimalFeed{

}

public abstract class Animal{

public void eat(AnimalFeed somethingToEat)

}

Now I would like to define a class "Bird" extending "Animal" being sure that when the bird eats, it eats only BirdFeed.

One solution would be to specify a sort of contract, in which the caller of "eat" must pass an instance of the appropriate feed

public class Bird extends Animal{

@Override

public void eat(AnimalFeed somethingToEat){

BirdFeed somethingGoodForABird

if(somethingToEat.instanceOf(BirdFeed)){

somethingGoodForABird = (BirdFeed) somethingGoodForABird

}else{

//throws error, complaining the caller didn't feed the bird properly

}

}

}

Is it acceptable to delegate the responsibility of the parameter to the caller? How to force the caller to pass a specialization of the parameter? Are there alternative design solutions?

解决方案

You'd need to add a type variable to the class:

public abstract class Animal {

public abstract void eat(F somethingToEat);

}

Then you can declare your subclasses as wanting a particular type of AnimalFeed:

public class Bird extends Animal {

public void eat(BirdFeed somethingToEat) {}

}

public class Fish extends Animal {

public void eat(FishFeed somethingToEat) {}

}