python unit test什么意思_python unittest理解

一、运行流程

二、使用方法：

1、定义一个继承unittest.TestCase的类，类中已test_开头方法就是执行时的测试用例

############################name:test_unittest.py#!/usr/bin/env python#_*_ coding:utf-8 _*_

defadd(a, b):return a+bdefminus(a, b):return a-bdefmulti(a, b):return a*bdefdivide(a, b):return a/b

###########################name:test_case.py#!/usr/bin/env python#_*_ coding:utf-8 _*_

importtest_unittestimportunittestclassMyTest(unittest.TestCase):deftest_add(self):

self.assertEqual(5,test_unittest.add(2,3))deftest_minus(self):

self.assertEqual(2,test_unittest.minus(5,3))deftest_multil(self):

self.assertEqual(6,test_unittest.multi(2,3))deftest_divide(self):

self.assertEqual(2,test_unittest.divide(6,2))if __name__ == '__main__':

unittest.main(verbosity=2)

2、上述直接执行，可以将多个测试方法，加入到一个TestSuile(测试套件)中，执行一个或多个测试套件

#############################################name:test_unittest.py#!/usr/bin/env python#_*_ coding:utf-8 _*_

defadd(a, b):return a+bdefminus(a, b):return a-bdefmulti(a, b):return a*bdefdivide(a, b):return a/b############################################name:test_case.py#!/usr/bin/env python#_*_ coding:utf-8 _*_

importtest_unittestimportunittestclassMyTest(unittest.TestCase):deftest_add(self):

self.assertEqual(5,test_unittest.add(2,3))deftest_minus(self):

self.assertEqual(2,test_unittest.minus(5,3))classMyTest2(unittest.TestCase):deftest_multil(self):

self.assertEqual(6,test_unittest.multi(2,3))deftest_divide(self):

self.assertEqual(2,test_unittest.divide(6,2))if __name__ == '__main__':

unittest.main(verbosity=2)#############################################

#name:test_suite.py#!/usr/bin/env python#_*_ coding:utf-8 _*_

importtest_unittestfrom test_case import *

importunittestif __name__ == '__main__':

suite=unittest.TestSuite()

suite.addTests(unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromNames(['test_case.MyTest','test_case.MyTest2']))

runner= unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2)

runner.run(suite)

3、将结果输出到文件

if __name__ == '__main__':

suite=unittest.TestSuite()

suite.addTests(unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromNames(['test_case.MyTest','test_case.MyTest2']))

with open('result1.txt','a') as f:

runner= unittest.TextTestRunner(stream=f,verbosity=2)

runner.run(suite)

4、setUp()与tearDown()

setUp() 和 tearDown 分别会在每条用例执行前后执行一次，用于环境的准备和复原

setUpClass() 和 tearDownClass()  分别会在每个unittest.TestCase 类执行前后执行一次

classMyTest(unittest.TestCase):defsetUp(self):print 'setUp is running!'

deftearDown(self):print 'tearDown is running!'

deftest_add(self):

self.assertEqual(5,test_unittest.add(2,3))deftest_minus(self):

self.assertEqual(2,test_unittest.minus(5,3))classMyTest2(unittest.TestCase):

@classmethoddefsetUpClass(cls):print 'setUpClass is running!'@classmethoddeftearDownClass(cls):print 'tearDownClass is running!'

deftest_multil(self):

self.assertEqual(6,test_unittest.multi(2,3))deftest_divide(self):

self.assertEqual(2,test_unittest.divide(6,2))

5、跳过一条用例

skip装饰器一共有三个 unittest.skip(reason)、unittest.skipIf(condition, reason)、unittest.skipUnless(condition, reason)，skip无条件跳过，skipIf当condition为True时跳过，skipUnless当condition为False时跳过。

6、使用HTMLTestRunner

6.1 下载HTMLTestRunner到当前文件   https://github.com/GoverSky/HTMLTestRunner_cn

6.1 修改代码，更改runner

#!/usr/bin/env python#_*_ coding:utf-8 _*_

importtest_unittestfrom test_case import *

importunittestfrom HTMLTestRunner_cn importHTMLTestRunnerif __name__ == '__main__':

suite=unittest.TestSuite()

suite.addTests(unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromNames(['test_case.MyTest','test_case.MyTest2']))#with open('result1.txt','a') as f:

#runner = unittest.TextTestRunner(stream=f,verbosity=2)

#runner.run(suite)

with open('runner.html','a') as f:

runner= HTMLTestRunner(stream=f, verbosity=2, title='我就是尝试下',description='我不知道这是什么意思')

runner.run(suite)