桥模式的核心思想在于:抽象和行为分离。
在JDON里面,板桥里人举的例子是咖啡(抽象)与加奶(行为)的关系。原文(http://www.jdon.com/designpatterns/bridge.htm)
意思比较清晰,比如说,按照排列组合关系,大杯咖啡,小杯咖啡,和是否加奶,能够组成四种组合:大杯加奶,小杯加奶,大杯不加奶,小杯不加奶,如果再加一种行为进去,比如加巧克力,或者加方糖什么的,势必会出现更多的组合。如果为每一种组合创造一种对象,会造成对象过多代码混乱的状况。
还有很多例子阐述类似的问题,比如两类人(抽象)与行为的关系,男人穿衣服,女人穿衣服,男人戴帽子,女人戴帽子,诸多的例子,都是在说明桥模式的应用场景。
桥模式的核心思想正是在这里:将抽象与行为分离开,以排列组合的方式降低类型的个数,也让代码更为清晰,具备更好的维护性。
代码如下:
package dp.birdge;
/*
* 抽象:笔
*/
public abstract class Pen {
protected Color color;
public void draw() {
color.draw();
}
}
package dp.birdge;
public class LongPen extends Pen {
public LongPen(Color color) {
this.color = color;
}
public void draw() {
System.out.print("Use long pen >> ");
super.draw();
}
}
package dp.birdge;
public class ShortPen extends Pen {
public ShortPen(Color color) {
this.color = color;
}
public void draw() {
System.out.print("Use short pen >> ");
super.draw();
}
}
package dp.birdge;
public abstract class Color {
protected String color;
/*
* 行为
*/
public void draw() {
System.out.println("Draw " + this.color);
}
}
package dp.birdge;
public class DrawGreen extends Color {
public DrawGreen() {
this.color = "green";
}
}
package dp.birdge;
public class DrawRed extends Color {
public DrawRed() {
this.color = "red";
}
}
package dp.birdge;
public class Main {
public static void main(String ares[]) {
Color green = new DrawGreen();
Color red = new DrawRed();
Pen longGreenPen = new LongPen(green);
Pen longRedPen = new LongPen(red);
Pen shortGreenPen = new ShortPen(green);
Pen shortRedPen = new ShortPen(red);
longGreenPen.draw();
longRedPen.draw();
shortGreenPen.draw();
shortRedPen.draw();
}
}
运行结果如下:
Use long pen >> Draw green
Use long pen >> Draw red
Use short pen >> Draw green
Use short pen >> Draw red