我试图键入提示构造函数的部分应用程序,一旦提供“tag”实例,它就会被完全应用.这是通过包装类实现的,包装类存储构造函数和任何部分应用的参数.由于包装器适用于多种类型,因此必须采用variadic * args.
这会产生两种情况,它们所采用的参数不同:
>申请:(标签:标签,……) – > CLS
>商店:( …) – >部分[CLS]
值得注意的是,2.情况可能会或可能不会接收第一个参数.它们都是重叠的,因为它们是可变的.这很容易实现.我试图使用@overload键入提示:
from typing import TypeVar, Generic
#: the class to partially construct
Cls = TypeVar('Cls')
class Tag:
"""Instances of this class complete the partial application"""
class Partial(Generic[Cls]):
"""Partially construct ``ctor`` until a :py:class:`~.Tag` is applied"""
def __init__(self, ctor: Type[Cls], *args):
self.ctor = ctor
self.args = args
# type hints
@overload
def __call__(self, tag: Tag, *args) -> Cls:
...
@overload
def __call__(self, *args) -> 'Partial[Cls]':
...
# implementation
def __call__(self, *args):
if args and isinstance(args[0], Tag):
return self.ctor(args[0], *self.args, *args[1:])
return Partial(self.ctor, *self.args, *args)
然而,mypy和PyCharm都不满意这一点(PyCharm目前需要一个显式方法调用,但这不是我的问题).使用显式非标记扩展第二个重载(标记:Any,…) – >部分[Cls]无法解决问题.这两种工具都会报告类型不匹配,不兼容的重载,或者回退到Any或Union.
任何关于类型提示正确的帮助是值得赞赏的.
键入检查代码示例:
class VariadicString(str):
def __new__(cls, *args):
return str(args)
a = RecursivePartial(VariadicString, 1, 2, 3)
b = a(4, 5, 6)
c = b(Tag(), 7, 8, 9)
reveal_locals() # absent for PyCharm
mypy正确识别a,b和c的类型,但由于不兼容的重载重叠而拒绝该程序:
test.py:17: error: Overloaded function signatures 1 and 2 overlap with incompatible return types
test.py:38: error: Revealed local types are:
test.py:38: error: a: test.Partial[test.VariadicString*]
test.py:38: error: b: test,Partial[test.VariadicString*]
test.py:38: error: c: test.VariadicString*
PyCharm不拒绝该程序,但错误地将c标识为两种返回类型的联合:
a: Partial[VariadicString]
b: Partial[VariadicString]
c: Union[VariadicString, Partial[VariadicString]]