linux 进程内存分析工具,linux 内存检测工具之memleak

概述

MemLeak 是一个C语言内存泄漏检测工具。 原理是利用 C 语言的宏调用来替代原有的函数调用， memleak 维护了一个链表，在这个链表中保存着程序中对内存函数

调用的记录，这些函数包括：malloc、calloc、realloc、free。

接口声明(对外)

memleak.h代码如下：

/***************************************************************************

memleak.h: Redirects calls to the functions defined in memleak.c

Copyright (c) 2005, 2008 Stanislav Maslovski.

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify

it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or

(at your option) any later version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the

GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software

Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA

*************************************************************************

Include this file into the module you want to debug for memory leaks.

IMPORTANT:

==========

If you do not want to catch ramdom segfaults make sure that this file gets

included in _every_ module which uses malloc(), free() and friends.

Only if you know that the blocks allocated in a particular module will never

be freed or reallocated in any other module you may include this file only in

that module. For additional information see memleak.c

*/

#ifndef H_MEMLEAK_H

#define H_MEMLEAK_H

/* this makes sure that stdlib.h gets included before our macros */

#include

extern char *dbg_file_name;

extern unsigned long dbg_line_number;

#define CHK_FREED 1

#define CHK_ALLOC 2

#define CHK_ALL (CHK_FREED | CHK_ALLOC)

extern void *dbg_malloc(size_t size);

extern void *dbg_realloc(void *ptr, size_t size);

extern void *dbg_calloc(size_t num, size_t size);

extern void dbg_free(void *ptr);

extern void dbg_init(int history_length);

extern int dbg_check_addr(char *msg, void *ptr, int opt);

extern void dbg_mem_stat(void);

extern void dbg_zero_stat(void);

extern void dbg_abort(char *msg);

extern void dbg_heap_dump(char *keyword);

extern void dbg_history_dump(char *keyword);

extern void dbg_catch_sigsegv(void);

#define FILE_LINE dbg_file_name = __FILE__, dbg_line_number = __LINE__

#define malloc(s) (FILE_LINE, dbg_malloc(s))

#define realloc(p, s) (FILE_LINE, dbg_realloc(p, s))

#define calloc(n, s) (FILE_LINE, dbg_calloc(n, s))

#define free(p) (FILE_LINE, dbg_free(p))

#define dbg_init(n) (FILE_LINE, dbg_init(n))

#define dbg_check_addr(m, p, o) (FILE_LINE, dbg_check_addr(m, p, o))

#define dbg_mem_stat() (FILE_LINE, dbg_mem_stat())

#define dbg_zero_stat() (FILE_LINE, dbg_zero_stat())

#define dbg_abort(m) (FILE_LINE, dbg_abort(m))

#define dbg_heap_dump(k) (FILE_LINE, dbg_heap_dump(k))

#define dbg_history_dump(k) (FILE_LINE, dbg_history_dump(k))

#define dbg_catch_sigsegv() (FILE_LINE, dbg_catch_sigsegv())

#ifdef WITH_DBG_STRDUP

/* this makes sure that string.h gets included before our macros */

#include

extern char *dbg_strdup(const char *s);

extern char *dbg_strndup(const char *s, size_t n);

#define strdup(s) (FILE_LINE, dbg_strdup(s))

#define strndup(s, n) (FILE_LINE, dbg_strndup(s, n))

#endif

#endif

通过定义的struct head 链表接口体来记录所有内存申请来源(文件，行数，大小),dbg_heap_dump()有可以打印出所有内存的分配情况.

memleak源码

测试代码

example.c代码如下：

#include

#include

#include

#include "memleak.h"

int main()

{

void *a,*b,*c;

char *s;

dbg_init(10);

dbg_catch_sigsegv();

a = malloc(1000);

b = malloc(30);

a = realloc(a, 150);

c = calloc(90, 3);

b = realloc(b, 0);

malloc(0);

calloc(0, 10);

realloc(0, 10);

realloc(a, 0);

free(0);

s = strdup("A string.");

s = strndup(s, 5);

puts(s);

dbg_mem_stat();

dbg_heap_dump("");

return 0;

}

编译运行

直接make生成example，运行即可查看所有内存的分配使用情况，也可修example.c文件测试代码，对自己的程序进行验证内存问题.