android 测试机 简书,Android测试总结

Android测试总结

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简介

最近整理了Android测试方便的只是，主要涉及代码测试和自动化测试。

代码测试

Junit

Mockito

Mockwebserver

Android自动化测试

Android monkey

Android monkeyrunner

Android UIAutomator

Android Espresso

自动化测试示例

下面示例一个Android项目，就是一个简单的登录页面，依次使用上面介绍的自动化测试方案测试界面。

首先是界面布局:

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:orientation="vertical"

android:padding="20dp"

tools:context="cn.mycommons.testcase.MainActivity">

android:id="@+id/edtUserName"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="50dp"

android:hint="Input user name" />

android:id="@+id/edtPasswd"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="50dp"

android:hint="Input password"

android:contentDescription="Input password"

android:inputType="textPassword" />

android:id="@+id/btnLogin"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="50dp"

android:text="Login" />

其次是页面代码：

package cn.mycommons.testcase;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.EditText;

import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

EditText edtUserName;

EditText edtPasswd;

Button btnLogin;

String userName;

String passwd;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

edtUserName = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.edtUserName);

edtPasswd = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.edtPasswd);

btnLogin = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnLogin);

btnLogin.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

@Override

public void onClick(View view) {

userName = edtUserName.getText().toString();

passwd = edtPasswd.getText().toString();

if (check(userName, passwd)) {

doLogin(userName, passwd);

}

}

});

}

boolean check(String userName, String passwd) {

do {

if (userName.length() < 5) {

showToast("User name invalidate");

break;

}

if (passwd.length() < 5) {

showToast("Password invalidate");

break;

}

return true;

} while (false);

return false;

}

void doLogin(String userName, String passwd) {

if ("admin".equals(userName) && "admin".equals(passwd)) {

showToast("Login success");

startActivity(new Intent(this, SuccessActivity.class));

} else {

showToast("Login fail");

}

}

void showToast(String msg) {

Toast.makeText(this, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

}

Monkey

Monkey只是检查使用下shell命令即可。

adb shell monkey -p cn.mycommons.testcase -v 50000

Monkey Runner

Monkey Runner提供的是一个python文件，然后调用monkeyrunner命令即可。

$ monkeyrunner test_case.py

# Imports the monkeyrunner modules used by this program

from com.android.monkeyrunner import MonkeyRunner, MonkeyDevice

# Connects to the current device, returning a MonkeyDevice object

print 'wait for device connection.'

device = MonkeyRunner.waitForConnection()

print 'connect device success.'

# Takes a screenshot

result = device.takeSnapshot()

print 'takeSnapshot success.'

# Writes the screenshot to a file

result.writeToFile('./test_case1.png','png')

print 'save image to file success.'

# input user name

device.touch(200,380,'DOWN_AND_UP')

print 'touch user name'

for x in xrange(1,100):

device.press("KEYCODE_DEL",'DOWN_AND_UP')

print 'delete user name'

device.type("admin")

print 'input admin to user name'

# input passwd

device.touch(200,500,'DOWN_AND_UP')

print 'touch password'

for x in xrange(1,100):

device.press("KEYCODE_DEL",'DOWN_AND_UP')

print 'delete password'

device.type("admin")

print 'input admin to password'

# press login button

device.touch(200,680,'DOWN_AND_UP')

print 'press login button'

MonkeyRunner.sleep(2)

# Takes a screenshot

result = device.takeSnapshot()

print 'takeSnapshot success.'

# Writes the screenshot to a file

result.writeToFile('./test_case2.png','png')

print 'save image to file success.'

UiAutomator

package cn.mycommons.testcase;

import android.content.Context;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.os.Build;

import android.support.test.InstrumentationRegistry;

import android.support.test.filters.SdkSuppress;

import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;

import android.support.test.uiautomator.By;

import android.support.test.uiautomator.UiDevice;

import android.support.test.uiautomator.UiObject;

import android.support.test.uiautomator.UiObjectNotFoundException;

import android.support.test.uiautomator.UiSelector;

import android.support.test.uiautomator.Until;

import org.hamcrest.Matchers;

import org.junit.Before;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)

@SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR2)

public class MainActivityTest {

private static final String BASIC_SAMPLE_PACKAGE = "cn.mycommons.testcase";

private static final int LAUNCH_TIMEOUT = 5000;

private static final String STRING_TO_BE_TYPED = "UiAutomator";

private UiDevice mDevice;

@Before

public void before() {

mDevice = UiDevice.getInstance(InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation());

mDevice.pressHome();

// Wait for launcher

final String launcherPackage = mDevice.getLauncherPackageName();

assertThat(launcherPackage, Matchers.notNullValue());

mDevice.wait(Until.hasObject(By.pkg(launcherPackage).depth(0)), LAUNCH_TIMEOUT);

Context context = InstrumentationRegistry.getContext();

final Intent intent = context.getPackageManager().getLaunchIntentForPackage(BASIC_SAMPLE_PACKAGE);

intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK);

context.startActivity(intent);

// Wait for the app to appear

mDevice.wait(Until.hasObject(By.pkg(BASIC_SAMPLE_PACKAGE).depth(0)), LAUNCH_TIMEOUT);

}

@Test

public void testLogin1() throws UiObjectNotFoundException {

UiObject login = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().text("Login"));

UiObject edtUserName = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().text("Input user name"));

UiObject edtPasswd = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().descriptionContains("Input password"));

edtUserName.clearTextField();

edtPasswd.clearTextField();

edtUserName.setText("admin");

edtPasswd.setText("admin");

login.click();

mDevice.waitForWindowUpdate(BuildConfig.FLAVOR, 3000);

}

@Test

public void testLogin2() throws UiObjectNotFoundException {

UiObject login = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().text("Login"));

UiObject edtUserName = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().text("Input user name"));

UiObject edtPasswd = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().descriptionContains("Input password"));

edtUserName.clearTextField();

edtPasswd.clearTextField();

edtUserName.setText("");

edtPasswd.setText("");

login.click();

}

@Test

public void testLogin3() throws UiObjectNotFoundException {

UiObject login = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().text("Login"));

UiObject edtUserName = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().text("Input user name"));

UiObject edtPasswd = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().descriptionContains("Input password"));

edtUserName.clearTextField();

edtPasswd.clearTextField();

edtUserName.setText("abc");

edtPasswd.setText("");

login.click();

}

@Test

public void testLogin4() throws UiObjectNotFoundException {

UiObject login = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().text("Login"));

UiObject edtUserName = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().text("Input user name"));

UiObject edtPasswd = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().descriptionContains("Input password"));

edtUserName.clearTextField();

edtPasswd.clearTextField();

edtUserName.setText("");

edtPasswd.setText("abc");

login.click();

}

@Test

public void testLogin5() throws UiObjectNotFoundException {

UiObject login = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().text("Login"));

UiObject edtUserName = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().text("Input user name"));

UiObject edtPasswd = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().descriptionContains("Input password"));

edtUserName.clearTextField();

edtPasswd.clearTextField();

edtUserName.setText("abc");

edtPasswd.setText("abc");

login.click();

}

@Test

public void testLogin6() throws UiObjectNotFoundException {

UiObject login = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().text("Login"));

UiObject edtUserName = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().text("Input user name"));

UiObject edtPasswd = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().descriptionContains("Input password"));

edtUserName.clearTextField();

edtPasswd.clearTextField();

edtUserName.setText("abcedf");

edtPasswd.setText("abc");

login.click();

}

@Test

public void testLogin7() throws UiObjectNotFoundException {

UiObject login = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().text("Login"));

UiObject edtUserName = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().text("Input user name"));

UiObject edtPasswd = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().descriptionContains("Input password"));

edtUserName.clearTextField();

edtPasswd.clearTextField();

edtUserName.setText("abcedf");

edtPasswd.setText("abcedf");

login.click();

}

}

Espressor

package cn.mycommons.testcase;

import android.support.test.espresso.Espresso;

import android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions;

import android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers;

import android.support.test.rule.ActivityTestRule;

import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;

import org.junit.Rule;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)

public class MainActivityEspressoTest {

@Rule

public ActivityTestRule testRule = new ActivityTestRule<>(MainActivity.class);

@Test

public void testLogin() {

Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withContentDescription(R.id.edtUserName)).perform(ViewActions.typeText("admin"));

Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.edtPasswd)).perform(ViewActions.typeText("admin"));

Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.btnLogin)).perform(ViewActions.click());

}

@Test

public void testLogin1() {

Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.edtUserName)).perform(ViewActions.typeText(""));

Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.edtPasswd)).perform(ViewActions.typeText(""));

Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.btnLogin)).perform(ViewActions.click());

}

@Test

public void testLogin2() {

Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.edtUserName)).perform(ViewActions.typeText("abc"));

Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.edtPasswd)).perform(ViewActions.typeText(""));

Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.btnLogin)).perform(ViewActions.click());

}

@Test

public void testLogin3() {

Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.edtUserName)).perform(ViewActions.typeText(""));

Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.edtPasswd)).perform(ViewActions.typeText("abc"));

Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.btnLogin)).perform(ViewActions.click());

}

@Test

public void testLogin4() {

Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.edtUserName)).perform(ViewActions.typeText("abc"));

Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.edtPasswd)).perform(ViewActions.typeText("abc"));

Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.btnLogin)).perform(ViewActions.click());

}

@Test

public void testLogin5() {

Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.edtUserName)).perform(ViewActions.typeText("abcdef"));

Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.edtPasswd)).perform(ViewActions.typeText("abcdef"));

Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.btnLogin)).perform(ViewActions.click());

}

}

自动化测试总结

Monkey

准确来说，这不算是自动化测试，因为其只能产生随机的事件，无法按照既定的步骤操作；

Monkeyrunner

优点：操作最为简单，可以录制测试脚本，可视化操作；

缺点：主要生成坐标的自动化操作，移植性不强，功能最为局限，上面代码中已经显示出来，完全使用的数字坐标，移植到另外一个设备，则不能运行。

UiAutomator

优点：可以对所有操作进行自动化，操作简单；

缺点：Android版本需要高于4.3，无法根据控件ID操作，相对来说功能较为局限，但也够用了；

Espresso

优点：主要针对某一个APK进行自动化测试，APK可以有源码，也可以没有源码，功能强大；

缺点：针对APK操作，因此操作相对复杂；

总结：由上面介绍可以有这样的结论：测试某个APK，可以选择Espresso；测试过程可能涉及多个APK，选择UiAutomator；一些简单的测试，选择Monkeyrunner；