排序基础 01 选择排序 泛型版

用于测试的自定义类

• 要实现 Comparable 接口；

import java.util.*;

public class Student implements Comparable<Student> {

    private String name;
    private int score;

    public Student(String name, int score){
        this.name = name;
        this.score = score;
    }

    // 定义Student的compareTo函数
    // 如果分数相等，则按照名字的字母序排序
    // 如果分数不等，则分数高的靠前
    @Override
    public int compareTo(Student that) {
        if( this.score < that.score )
            return -1;
        else if( this.score > that.score )
            return 1;
        else // this.score == that.score
            return this.name.compareTo(that.name);
    }

    // 定义Student实例的打印输出方式
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student: " + this.name + " " + Integer.toString( this.score );
    } 

}

支持泛型的选择排序

• 方法的入参变成了 Comparable[] arr；
• 大小的比较变成了调用 compareTo(T o) 方法了；

import java.util.*;

public class SelectionSort {

    // 我们的算法类不允许产生任何实例
    private SelectionSort(){}

    public static void sort(Comparable[] arr){
        int n = arr.length;
        for(int i = 0 ; i < n ; i ++){
            // 寻找[i, n)区间里的最小值的索引
            int minIndex = i;
            for(int j = i + 1 ; j < n ; j ++)
                // 使用compareTo方法比较两个Comparable对象的大小
                if(arr[j].compareTo(arr[minIndex]) < 0)
                    minIndex = j;
            swap( arr , i , minIndex);
        }
    }

    private static void swap(Object[] arr, int i, int j) {
        Object t = arr[i];
        arr[i] = arr[j];
        arr[j] = t;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // 测试Integer
        Integer[] a = {10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1};
        SelectionSort.sort(a);
        for( int i = 0 ; i < a.length ; i ++ ){
            System.out.print(a[i]);
            System.out.print(' ');
        }
        System.out.println();

        // 测试Double
        Double[] b = {4.4, 3.3, 2.2, 1.1};
        SelectionSort.sort(b);
        for( int i = 0 ; i < b.length ; i ++ ){
            System.out.print(b[i]);
            System.out.print(' ');
        }
        System.out.println();

        // 测试String
        String[] c = {"D", "C", "B", "A"};
        SelectionSort.sort(c);
        for( int i = 0 ; i < c.length ; i ++ ){
            System.out.print(c[i]);
            System.out.print(' ');
        }
        System.out.println();

        // 测试自定义的类 Student
        Student[] d = new Student[4];
        d[0] = new Student("D",90);
        d[1] = new Student("C",100);
        d[2] = new Student("B",95);
        d[3] = new Student("A",95);
        SelectionSort.sort(d);
        for( int i = 0 ; i < d.length ; i ++ )
            System.out.println(d[i]);
    }

}

输出：

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1.1 2.2 3.3 4.4
A B C D
Student: D 90
Student: A 95
Student: B 95
Student: C 100