ospf特殊区域,默认路由,汇总

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-20 19:40:39 发布

weixin_33670786

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-20 19:40:39 发布

阅读量541

点赞数

文章标签：网络

原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/kanghestef/216930

版权

ospf特殊区域,默认路由,汇总,认证<?xml:namespace prefix = o />

一：OSPF特殊区域：

LSA types allowed per area type.


Area Type	1&2	3	4	5	7
Backbone (area 0)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Non-backbone, non-stub	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Stub	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
Totally stubby	Yes	No[*]	No	No	No
Not-so-stubby	Yes	Yes	NO	No	Yes
Total NSSA	Yes	No	No	No	Yes

[*] Except for a single type 3 LSA per ABR, advertising the default route.

Stub区域特点如下：

1.As in any area, all routers in a stub area must have identical link-state databases. To ensure this condition, all stub routers will

set a flag (the E-bit) in their Hello packets to zero（表示不接受4，5类LSA）; they will not accept any Hello from a router in which the E-bit is set to one. As

a result, adjacencies will not be established with any router that is not configured as a stub router.

2. Virtual links cannot be configured within, nor transit, a stub area.

3.No router within a stub area can be an ASBR. This restriction is intuitively understandable because ASBRs produce type 5

LSAs, and type 5 LSAs cannot exist within a stub area.

4.A stub area might have more than one ABR, but because of the default route, the internal routers cannot determine which router

is the optimal gateway to the ASBR.

根据特性一可以看出，stub区域需要在区域内的所有路由器上进行配置，配置命令如下：

Area 1 stub

Stub区域的ABR会产生一条三类的默认路由在区域内泛洪

Total stub 区域特点： :

除具备stub 区域的所有特点外，还具备有阻止3类LSA的特性，Total stub 区域需要在stub 区域的基础上，在ABR上配置如下命令：

Area 1 stub no-summary

NSSA区域的特点：

The NSSA External LSA has a flag in its header known as the P-bit. The NSSA ASBR has the option of setting or clearing the P-bit. If the

NSSA's ABR receives a type 7 LSA with the P-bit set to one, it will translate the type 7 LSA into a type 5 LSA and flood it throughout the

other areas. If the P-bit is set to zero, no translation will take place and the destination in the type 7 LSA will not be

advertised outside of the NSSA. This option allows you to design an NSSA in which the external destinations learned in that area are

known only in that area.

NSSA区域也需要在区域内所有路由器上进行配置，命令如下：

Area 1 nssa

注意：NSSA区域的ABR不会自动产生一条3类的默认路由，需要管理员在ABR上进行手工配置，命令如下：

Area 1 nssa default-information-originate

Total NSSA区域的特点：

在NSSA区域的基础上，阻止了3类LSA，并且能够自动产生一条3类的在区域内泛洪

提出疑问：为什么NSSA区域不能自动产生3类的默认路由，而

Stub， total stub， total nssa却可以？

解决疑问：要知道，NSSA区域能够通过7类LSA引入外部路由，并且NSSA的ABR并不阻止3类LSA的进入，因此，NSSA区域内部的路由器，可以在不需要默认路由的情况下实现域间通信和与外部通信，而其他三种特殊区域在没有默认路由的情况下，显然无法实现域间通信和与外部通信，故需要自动产生3类的默认路由加以弥补