用SpringBoot集成Netty开发一个基于WebSocket的聊天室

前言

基于SpringBoot，借助Netty控制长链接，使用WebSocket协议做一个实时的聊天室。

项目效果

项目统一登录路径： http://localhost:8080/chat/netty
用户名随机生成，离线调用异步方法，数据写操作，登录显示历史聊天消息

GitHub

项目名：InChat
项目地址：https://github.com/UncleCatMy...
项目介绍：基于Netty4与SpringBoot，聊天室WebSocket（文字图片）加API调用Netty长链接执行发送消息（在线数、用户列表）、Iot物联网-MQTT协议、TCP/IP协议单片机通信，异步存储聊天数据

代码实操讲解

随机命名工具类

public class RandomNameUtil {

    private static Random ran = new Random();
    private final static int delta = 0x9fa5 - 0x4e00 + 1;

    public static char getName(){
        return (char)(0x4e00 + ran.nextInt(delta));
    }
}

配置文件yml

spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    username: root
    password: root
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/nettychat?characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
  jpa:
    show-sql: true

netty:
  port: 8090    #监听端口
  bossThread: 2 #线程数
  workerThread: 2 #线程数
  keepalive: true #保持连接
  backlog: 100

数据库准备

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for user_msg
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_msg`;
CREATE TABLE `user_msg` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `msg` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `create_time` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  `update_time` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=19 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of user_msg
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `user_msg` VALUES ('1', '亪', '今天不开心', '2018-08-14 14:26:02', '2018-08-14 14:26:02');
INSERT INTO `user_msg` VALUES ('2', '祐', '不错呀', '2018-08-14 15:09:40', '2018-08-14 15:09:40');
INSERT INTO `user_msg` VALUES ('3', '搈', '开心 开心', '2018-08-14 15:09:40', '2018-08-14 15:09:40');
INSERT INTO `user_msg` VALUES ('4', '兇', '可以的，后面再做个深入一点的', '2018-08-14 15:18:35', '2018-08-14 15:18:35');
INSERT INTO `user_msg` VALUES ('5', '倎', '开源这个项目', '2018-08-14 15:18:35', '2018-08-14 15:18:35');
INSERT INTO `user_msg` VALUES ('6', '蝡', '1-someting', '2018-08-14 15:24:28', '2018-08-14 15:24:28');
INSERT INTO `user_msg` VALUES ('7', '弔', '不行呀', '2018-08-14 15:24:29', '2018-08-14 15:24:29');
INSERT INTO `user_msg` VALUES ('8', '習', '可以的', '2018-08-14 15:26:03', '2018-08-14 15:26:03');
INSERT INTO `user_msg` VALUES ('9', '蔫', '开源这个项目', '2018-08-14 15:26:03', '2018-08-14 15:26:03');

dataObject与JPA数据DAO

@Data
@Entity
@DynamicUpdate
public class UserMsg implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 4133316147283239759L;

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Integer id;

    private String name;

    private String msg;

    private Date createTime;

    private Date updateTime;

}

public interface UserMsgRepository extends JpaRepository<UserMsg,Integer> {
//本次未使用到自定义方法，JPA原生即可
}

NoSQL模拟环境

我没有去配置虚拟机环境，就本地模拟了

保存用户名称与链接随机ID

@Component
public class LikeRedisTemplate {

    private Map<Object,Object> RedisMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

    public void save(Object id,Object name){
        RedisMap.put(id,name);
    }

    public void delete(Object id){
        RedisMap.remove(id);
    }

    public Object get(Object id){
        return RedisMap.get(id);
    }
}

聊天内容临时存储

@Component
public class LikeSomeCacheTemplate {

    private Set<UserMsg> SomeCache = new LinkedHashSet<>();

    public void save(Object user,Object msg){
        UserMsg userMsg = new UserMsg();
        userMsg.setName(String.valueOf(user));
        userMsg.setMsg(String.valueOf(msg));
        SomeCache.add(userMsg);
    }

    public Set<UserMsg> cloneCacheMap(){
        return SomeCache;
    }

    public void clearCacheMap(){
        SomeCache.clear();
    }
}

异步任务处理

@Component
public class MsgAsyncTesk {

    @Autowired
    private LikeSomeCacheTemplate cacheTemplate;

    @Autowired
    private UserMsgRepository userMsgRepository;

    @Async
    public Future<Boolean> saveChatMsgTask() throws Exception{
//        System.out.println("启动异步任务");
        Set<UserMsg> set = cacheTemplate.cloneCacheMap();
        for (UserMsg item:set){
            //保存用户消息
            userMsgRepository.save(item);
        }
        //清空临时缓存
        cacheTemplate.clearCacheMap();
        return new AsyncResult<>(true);
    }

}

netty核心

配置类

@Data
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "netty")
public class NettyAccountConfig {

    private int port;

    private int bossThread;

    private int workerThread;

    private boolean keepalive;

    private int backlog;
}

核心消息处理类

@Component
@Qualifier("textWebSocketFrameHandler")
@ChannelHandler.Sharable
public class TextWebSocketFrameHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<TextWebSocketFrame>{

    public static ChannelGroup channels = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE);

    @Autowired
    private LikeRedisTemplate redisTemplate;
    @Autowired
    private LikeSomeCacheTemplate cacheTemplate;
    @Autowired
    private MsgAsyncTesk msgAsyncTesk;

    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx,
                                TextWebSocketFrame msg) throws Exception {
        Channel incoming = ctx.channel();
        String uName = String.valueOf(redisTemplate.get(incoming.id()));
        for (Channel channel : channels) {
            //将当前每个聊天内容进行存储
            System.out.println("存储数据："+uName+"-"+msg.text());
            cacheTemplate.save(uName,msg.text());
            if (channel != incoming){
                channel.writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame("[" + uName + "]" + msg.text()));
            } else {
                channel.writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame("[you]" + msg.text() ));
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        System.out.println(ctx.channel().remoteAddress());
        String uName = String.valueOf(RandomNameUtil.getName());  //用来获取一个随机的用户名，可以用其他方式代替
        //新用户接入
        Channel incoming = ctx.channel();
        for (Channel channel : channels) {
            channel.writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame("[新用户] - " + uName + " 加入"));
        }
        redisTemplate.save(incoming.id(),uName);   //存储用户
        channels.add(ctx.channel());
    }

    @Override
    public void handlerRemoved(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        Channel incoming = ctx.channel();
        String uName = String.valueOf(redisTemplate.get(incoming.id()));
        //用户离开
        for (Channel channel : channels) {
            channel.writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame("[用户] - " + uName + " 离开"));
        }
        redisTemplate.delete(incoming.id());   //删除用户
        channels.remove(ctx.channel());
    }

    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        Channel incoming = ctx.channel();
        System.out.println("用户:"+redisTemplate.get(incoming.id())+"在线");
    }


    @Override
    public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        Channel incoming = ctx.channel();
        System.out.println("用户:"+redisTemplate.get(incoming.id())+"掉线");
        msgAsyncTesk.saveChatMsgTask();
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause)
            throws Exception {
        Channel incoming = ctx.channel();
        System.out.println("用户:" + redisTemplate.get(incoming.id()) + "异常");
        cause.printStackTrace();
        ctx.close();
    }
}

定义Initializer

@Component
@Qualifier("somethingChannelInitializer")
public class NettyWebSocketChannelInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {

    @Autowired
    private TextWebSocketFrameHandler textWebSocketFrameHandler;

    @Override
    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
        ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();

        pipeline.addLast(new HttpServerCodec());
        pipeline.addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(65536));
        pipeline.addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler());
        pipeline.addLast(new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler("/ws"));
        pipeline.addLast(textWebSocketFrameHandler);   //这里不能使用new，不然在handler中不能注入依赖

    }

}

启动创建Netty基本组件

@Component
public class NettyConfig {

    @Autowired
    private NettyAccountConfig nettyAccountConfig;

    @Bean(name = "bossGroup", destroyMethod = "shutdownGracefully")
    public NioEventLoopGroup bossGroup(){
        return new NioEventLoopGroup(nettyAccountConfig.getBossThread());
    }

    @Bean(name = "workerGroup", destroyMethod = "shutdownGracefully")
    public NioEventLoopGroup workerGroup(){
        return new NioEventLoopGroup(nettyAccountConfig.getWorkerThread());
    }

    @Bean(name = "tcpSocketAddress")
    public InetSocketAddress tcpPost(){
        return new InetSocketAddress(nettyAccountConfig.getPort());
    }

    @Bean(name = "tcpChannelOptions")
    public Map<ChannelOption<?>, Object> tcpChannelOptions(){
        Map<ChannelOption<?>, Object> options = new HashMap<ChannelOption<?>, Object>();
        options.put(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, nettyAccountConfig.isKeepalive());
        options.put(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, nettyAccountConfig.getBacklog());
        return options;
    }

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("somethingChannelInitializer")
    private NettyWebSocketChannelInitializer nettyWebSocketChannelInitializer;

    @Bean(name = "serverBootstrap")
    public ServerBootstrap bootstrap(){
        ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
        b.group(bossGroup(), workerGroup())
                .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.DEBUG))
                .childHandler(nettyWebSocketChannelInitializer);
        Map<ChannelOption<?>, Object> tcpChannelOptions = tcpChannelOptions();
        Set<ChannelOption<?>> keySet = tcpChannelOptions.keySet();
        for (@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes") ChannelOption option : keySet) {
            b.option(option, tcpChannelOptions.get(option));
        }
        return b;
    }
}

服务启动协助类

@Data
@Component
public class TCPServer {

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("serverBootstrap")
    private ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap;

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("tcpSocketAddress")
    private InetSocketAddress tcpPort;

    private Channel serverChannel;

    public void start() throws Exception {
        serverChannel =  serverBootstrap.bind(tcpPort).sync().channel().closeFuture().sync().channel();
    }

    @PreDestroy
    public void stop() throws Exception {
        serverChannel.close();
        serverChannel.parent().close();
    }
}

项目启动

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableScheduling //启动异步任务
public class NettychatApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(NettychatApplication.class, args);
        //注入NettyConfig 获取对应Bean
        NettyConfig nettyConfig = context.getBean(NettyConfig.class);
        //注入TCPServer 获取对应Bean
        TCPServer tcpServer = context.getBean(TCPServer.class);
        //启动websocket的服务
        tcpServer.start();
    }

}

GitHub

项目名：InChat
项目地址：https://github.com/UncleCatMy...
项目介绍：基于Netty4与SpringBoot，聊天室WebSocket（文字图片）加API调用Netty长链接执行发送消息（在线数、用户列表）、Iot物联网-MQTT协议、TCP/IP协议单片机通信，异步存储聊天数据

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