1. JAVA CLASS LOADER

Question: Explain Java class loaders? If you have a class in a package, what do you need to do to run it? Explain dynamic class loading?  

Answer : Class loaders are hierarchical. Classes are introduced into the JVM as they are referenced by name in a class that is already running in the JVM. So, how is the very first class loaded? The very first class is especially loaded with the help of static main(  ) method declared in your class. All the subsequently loaded classes are loaded by the classes, which are already loaded and running. A class loader creates a namespace. All JVMs include at least one class loader that is embedded within the JVM called the primordial (or bootstrap) class loader. Now let’s look at non-primordial class loaders. The JVM has hooks in it to allow user defined class loaders to be used in place of primordial class loader. Let us look at the class loaders created by the JVM.  
 

Classes loaded by Bootstrap class loader have no visibility into classes loaded by its descendants (ie Extensions and Systems class loaders).
The classes loaded by system class loader have visibility into classes loaded by its parents (ie Extensions and Bootstrap class loaders). If there were any  sibling class loaders they cannot see classes loaded by each other. They can only see the classes loaded by their parent class loader. For example Sibl ing1 class loader cannot see classes loaded by Sibling2 class loader Both Sibling1 and Sibling2 class loaders  have visibilty  into classes loaded by their parent class loaders (eg: System, Extensions, and Bootstrap)
 
Class loaders are hierarchical and use a delegation model when loading a class. Class loaders request their parent to load the class first before attempting to load it themselves. When a class loader loads a class, the child class loaders in the hierarchy will never reload the class again. Hence uniqueness is maintained. Classes loaded by a child class loader have visibility into classes loaded by its parents up the hierarchy but the reverse is not true as explained in the above diagram.

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/neversummer/archive/2011/09/06/2169231.html