使用点对点子接口的方式配置帧中继
每个PVC归属特定子接口的方式来配置帧中继
中心配置
Central#configure terminal
  Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
  Central(config)#interface Serial0
  Central(config-if)#description Frame-Relay host circuit
  Central(config-if)#no ip address
  Central(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
  Central(config-if)#exit
  Central(config)#interface Serial0.1 point-to-point
  Central(config-subif)#description PVC to first branch - DLCI 101
  Central(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.1.5 255.255.255.252
  Central(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 101
  Central(config-fr-dlci)#exit
  Central(config-subif)#exit
  Central(config)#interface Serial0.2 point-to-point
  Central(config-subif)#description PVC to second branch - DLCI 102
  Central(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.1.9 255.255.255.252
  Central(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 102
  Central(config-fr-dlci)#exit
  Central(config-subif)#exit
  Central(config)#end
  Central#
  边缘配置
  Branch1#configure terminal
  Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
  Branch1(config)#interface Serial0
  Branch1(config-if)#description Frame-Relay circuit
  Branch1(config-if)#no ip address
  Branch1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
  Branch1(config-if)#exit
  Branch1(config)#interface Serial0.1 point-to-point
  Branch1(config-subif)#description PVC to Central host - DLCI 50
  Branch1(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.1.6 255.255.255.252
  Branch1(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 50
  Branch1(config-fr-dlci)#exit
  Branch1(config-if)#exit
  Branch1(config)#end
  Branch1#
注释 点对点子接口方式应该是最简单的一种帧中继配置方式了。对于互联非思科设备时候可能需要人工指定包封装格式为标准的IETF格式(RFC1490),可以在接口下配置encapsulation frame-relay ietf 或者在子接口下配置frame-relay interface-dlci 101 ietf。
当你启用帧中继的时候路由器会自动激活Inverse ARP,而通常都是自动配置映射关系,所以我们一般都不需要no frame-relay inverse-arp。还有要注意的是这里的interface Serial0.1 point-to-point,后面的子接口模式不能写错,否则需要删除错误的,然后重启才可以更改
调整LMI 选项
 在帧中继电路上配置不同的LMI
 
  Branch1#configure terminal
  Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
  Branch1(config)#interface Serial0
  Branch1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
  Branch1(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type ansi (cisco,q933a)
  Branch1(config-if)#exit
  Branch1(config)#end
  Branch1#
  缺省情况下LMI的Keeplive包每十秒钟发一次,也可以调整此间隔
  Branch1#configure terminal
  Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
  Branch1(config)#interface Serial0
  Branch1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
  Branch1(config-if)#keepalive 5
  Branch1(config-if)#exit
  Branch1(config)#end
  Branch1#
  对于不支持LMI的网络必须配置路由器宣告自己的DLCI
  Branch1#configure terminal
  Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
  Branch1(config)#interface Serial0
  Branch1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
  Branch1(config-if)#frame-relay local-dlci 50
  Branch1(config-if)#exit
  Branch1(config)#end
  Branch1#
注释 对于最后不支持LMI的例子中建议用no keepalive 来关闭LMI的轮询
使用MAP命令配置
所有的PVC共享同一个接口
 
  Central#configure terminal
  Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
  Central(config)#interface Serial0
  Central(config)#description Frame Relay to branches
  Central(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
  Central(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
  Central(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.10 101
  Central(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.11 102
  Central(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.12 103
  Central(config-if)#exit
  Central(config)#end
  Central#
  注释 在10.1中使用了点对点子接口的方式来配置,此小节MAP的方式和下节的多点子接口都是类似的实现方法,但是在网管中点对点可以生成各个PVC的trap,而后两种则无法针对每个链路产生告警。同时由于帧中继是NBMA网络,所以建议frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.10 101 broadcast 方式来允许广播包的传递
使用多点子接口
所有的PVC共享同一个接口
 
  Central#configure terminal
  Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
  Central(config)#interface Serial0.1 multipoint
  Central(config-subif)#description Frame Relay to branches
  Central(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
  Central(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 101
  Central(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 102
  Central(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 103
  Central(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 104
  Central(config-subif)#exit
  Central(config)#end
  Central#
注释 这种配置方式最大的不同就是不需要配置映射,使用的Inverse ARP,所以在这种模式下不能禁用反向ARP。可以通过show frame-relay map命令来验证
配置帧中继SVCs
  提问 配置路由器使其支持帧中继SVC

  SVC子接口模式
  Central#configure terminal
  Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
  Central(config)#interface Serial0
  Central(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
  Central(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type q933a
  Central(config-if)#frame-relay svc
  Central(config-if)#exit
  Central(config)#interface Serial0.10 point-to-point
  Central(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.1.129 255.255.255.252
  Central(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 100
  Central(config-subif)#map-group SVCMAP
  Central(config-fr-dlci)#class SVCclass
  Central(config-fr-dlci)#exit
  Central(config-subif)# exit
  Central(config)#map-list SVCMAP source-addr X121 1234 dest-addr X121 4321
  Central(config-map-list)#ip 192.168.55.6 class SVCclass ietf
  Central(config-map-list)#exit
  Central(config)#map-class frame-relay SVCclass
  Central(config-map-class)#frame-relay traffic-rate 56000 128000
  Central(config-map-class)#exit
  Central(config)#end
  Central#
  SVC非子接口模式
  Central#configure terminal
  Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
  Central(config)#interface Serial0
  Central(config-if)#ip address 192.168.55.1 255.255.255.0
  Central(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
  Central(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type q933a
  Central(config-if)#frame-relay svc
  Central(config-if)#map-group SVCMAP
  Central(config-if)#frame-relay interface-dlci 50
  Central(config-fr-dlci)#class SVCclass
  Central(config-fr-dlci)#exit
  Central(config-if)#exit
  Central(config)#map-list SVCMAP source-addr X121 1234 dest-addr X121 4321
  Central(config-map-list)#ip 192.168.55.6 class SVCclass ietf
  Central(config-map-list)#exit
  Central(config)#map-class frame-relay SVCclass
  Central(config-map-class)#frame-relay traffic-rate 56000 128000
  Central(config-map-class)#exit
  Central(config)#end
  Central#
注释 缺省情况下在空闲120秒后此SVC会被拆除,可以使用frame-relay idle-timer 命令来修改。通过show frame-relay svc maplist SVCMAP 来验证。一般网络中都使用PVC,SVC用于节省成本,但是增加了复杂性和管理难度,路由器可以自动增加或者删除链路
 模拟帧中继云
使用一台路由器来模拟帧中继交换机
 
  Cloud#configure terminal
  Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
  Cloud(config)#frame-relay switching
  Cloud(config)#interface Serial0
  Cloud(config-if)#description Frame-relay connection to Central - DLCI 50
  Cloud(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
  Cloud(config-if)#clock rate 125000
  Cloud(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type cisco
  Cloud(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce
  Cloud(config-if)#frame-relay route 101 interface Serial1 50
  Cloud(config-if)#frame-relay route 102 interface Serial2 50
  Cloud(config-if)#exit
  Cloud(config)#interface Serial1
  Cloud(config-if)#description Frame-relay connection to Branch1 - DLCI 101
  Cloud(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
  Cloud(config-if)#clock rate 125000
  Cloud(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type cisco
  Cloud(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce
  Cloud(config-if)#frame-relay route 50 interface Serial0 101
  Cloud(config-if)#exit
  Cloud(config)#interface Serial2
  Cloud(config-if)#description Frame-relay connection to Branch2 - DLCI 102
  Cloud(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
  Cloud(config-if)#clock rate 125000
  Cloud(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type cisco
  Cloud(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce
  Cloud(config-if)#frame-relay route 50 interface Serial0 102
  Cloud(config-if)#exit
  Cloud(config)#end
  Cloud#
注释 此种模拟不支持SVC,同时对于流量×××或者与BECN相关的特性的支持都不是很好。show frame-relay route 命令来查看当前的链路交换配置。
子接口配置下的帧中继压缩
在接口配置帧中继的压缩
 
  Central#configure terminal
  Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
  Central(config)#interface Serial0
  Central(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
  Central(config-if)#frame-relay ip tcp header-compression passive
  Central(config-if)#frame-relay payload-compression frf9 stac (packet-by-packet)
  Central(config-if)#exit
  Central(config)#end
  Central#
  注释 passive参数的含义是只有收到了压缩的数据包才会采用压缩。压缩模式上建议使用FRF.9这个开放标准。使用命令show frame-relay ip tcp header-compression
  可以看到压缩的统计数据
MAP命令下的帧中继压缩
 配置MAP命令下的帧中继压缩
 
  Central#configure terminal
  Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
  Central(config)#interface Serial0
  Central(config-if)#description Frame Relay to branches
  Central(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
  Central(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
  Central(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.10 101 payload-compression frf9 stac
  Central(config-if)#exit
  Central(config)#end
  Central#
 

PPP over Frame Relay
帧中继链路配置PPP封装
 
  Router1#configure terminal
  Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
  Router1(config)#interface Loopback1
  Router1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.200.5 255.255.255.252
  Router1(config-if)#exit
  Router1(config)#interface Virtual-Template1
  Router1(config-if)#ip unnumbered Loopback1
  Router1(config-if)#encapsulation ppp
  Router1(config-if)#exit
  Router1(config)#interface Serial0
  Router1(config-if)#no ip address
  Router1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
  Router1(config-if)#exit
  Router1(config)#interface Serial0.1 point-to-point
  Router1(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 104 ppp Virtual-Template1
  Router1(config-fr-dlci)#exit
  Router1(config-subif)#exit
  Router1(config)#end
  Router1#
 
  <!--[if !supportLists]-->10.10.    <!--[endif]-->查看帧中继状态
查看帧中继状态
 
  Central#show interfaces Serial0
  Central#show frame-relay pvc
  Central#show frame-relay lmi